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OCT    8    1914 


^l)t  ai0mnt0ntDealtl)  of  itlaesachusetts 


REPORT  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  EDUCATION  IN  AC- 
CORDANCE WITH  THE  PROVISIONS  OF  CHAP- 
TER 70,  RESOLVES  OF  1911,  IN  THE  MATTER  OF 
THE  SUPPORT  OF  PUBLIC  EDUCATION;  IN- 
CLUDING ALSO 

REPORT  REQUIRED  UNDER  CHAPTER  39,  RESOLVES 
OF  1912,  RELATING  TO  THE  PAYMENT  OF 
TRANSPORTATION  EXPENSES  OF  PUPILS  RE- 
SIDING IN  TOWNS  NOT  MAINTAINING  HIGH 
SCHOOLS  AND  ATTENDING  HIGH  SCHOOLS  IN 
OTHER  TOWNS  OR  CITIES 


BOSTON 

WEIGHT  &  POTTEE  PEINTIKG  CO.,  STATE  PEINTEES 

18  Post  Office  Square 

1912 


: 


®l)e  ^ommontoeoUl)  of  Ma05atl}U5ttX5. 


Eeport  on  Support  of  Public  Education 


To  the  Honorable  Senate  and  the  House  of  Representatives. 

In  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  chapter  70  of  the  Re- 
solves of  1911,  relative  to  an  investigation  of  the  methods  now 
prescribed  by  law  for  the  distribution  of  the  cost  of  public  edu- 
cation among  the  towns  and  cities  of  the  Commonwealth,  the 
Board  of  Education  herewith  reports  the  results  of  its  investi- 
gations, and  submits  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  re- 
solve certain  recommendations. 

The  report  required  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
chapter  39,  Acts  of  1912,  relating  to  the  payment  of  transporta- 
tion expenses  of  certain  high  school  pupils,  is  also  included. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

FREDERICK  P.  FISH,  Chairman, 
SARAH  LOUISE  AR:NrOLD, 
ELLA  LYMA:^^  CABOT, 
SIME0:N'  B.  CHASE, 
LEVI  L.  COE-Al^T, 
THOMAS  B.  FITZPATRICK, 
FREDERICK  W.  HAMILTOIST, 
PAUL  H.  HAE-US, 
CLi:^rTON  Q.  RICHMOISTD, 

Members  of  the  Board  of  Education. 


zir^^^^7 


CONTENTS  OF   REPORT 


PART   I. 

Repobt  of  the  Board  of  Education.  pagb 

I.    Introduction,    ...........        7 

II.    The  Support  of  Public  Education  in  Massachusetts,     ....         9 

III.  The  Question  of  Further  State  Contributions  towards  the  Support  of 

Public  Education  in  Massachusetts,         .  .  .  .  .  .13 

IV.  Methods  of  distributing  State  Funds,  ......       17 

V.    Transportation  of  Certain  High  School  Pupils,     .....       20 

VI.    Findings  and  Recommendations,         .......       21 

PART  II. 

ApPENDICEa. 

A.  Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School  Support 

in  the  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts,        .....       24 

B.  Showing  the  Contributions  out  of  State  Revenues  for  the  Support  of 

Various  Forms  of  Education  for  the  Year  1910,         .  .  .  .52 

C.  Showing,  by  Percentages,  Proportions  of  School  Revenue  derived  from 

Various  Sources,  in  All  States,  1909-10 63 

D.  Taxation  for  Schools  in  Various  States,         ......       55 

E.  History  of  Recent  Efforts  to  obtain  State  Aid  for  Education  in  Massa- 

chusetts,       ...........       61 

F.  Reasons  commonly  urged  in  Support  of,  and  in  Opposition  to,  Increased 

State  Support  for  Public  Education,  ......       62 

G.  Fiscal  Problems  relating  to  School  Support,           .....       65 
H.    Methods  of  distributing  State  Aid, 67 

I.    The  Income  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund  and  Other  Forms  of  State 

Aid  to  Public  Schools,     .........       69 

J.    Statistics  and  Proposed  Act,        ........       72 


Paet  I.  -  Eeport  of  the  Board  of  Education. 


I. 

INTRODUCTION. 

The  following  is  the  text  of  the  resolve :  — 

Resolved,  That  the  board  of  education  be  directed  to  investigate  the 
methods  now  prescribed  by  law  for  the  distribution  between  local  com- 
munities and  the  commonwealth  of  the  cost  of  public  education  in  the 
commonwealth ;  and  to  report  thereon  to  the  general  court  not  later  than 
January  five,  nineteen  hundred  and  thirteen,  with  recommendations  as 
to  such  changes  and  modifications  in  the  said  methods  as  in  its  opinion 
are  demanded  in  the  interest  of  economy  and  sound  educational  policy. 

In  compliance  with  the  foregoing  resolve,  the  Board  of  Edu- 
cation submits  herewith  a  general  report,  to  which  is  added  for 
the  convenience  of  those  desiring  to  acquaint  themselves  fur- 
ther with  the  subject,  the  following  appendices :  — 

(A)  Statistical  exhibit  of  principal  facts  relative  to  school 
support  in  Massachusetts,  showing  for  the  State  as  a  whole  and 
for  each  city  and  town  therein  — 

1.  Valuation  of  assessed  property,  April  1,  1910. 

2.  Total  tax  levied  on  property,  April  1,  1910. 

3.  Total  expenditures  for  support  of  public  schools  (1910- 

11)- 

4.  School  support  derived  from  local  taxation  (1910-11). 

5.  Total  aid  from  Massachusetts  School  Fund  (1910-11). 

6.  State  aid  for  high  schools  ($500  grant  and  tuition) 
(1910-11). 

7.  State  aid  towards  super intendency  unions  (1910-11). 

8.  Total  receipts  from  State  (1910-11). 

9.  Amounts  that  a  one-mill  property  tax  would  add  to  taxa- 
tion on  the  basis  of  the  valuation  of  1910. 


8 

10.  Amounts  that  would  be  yielded  by  distributing  the  pro- 
ceeds of  a  one-mill  tax  on  .the  basis  of  the  average  membership 
(Plan  I.). 

11.  Amounts  that  would  have  been  distributed  to  certain 
towns  and  cities  in  1910  if  State  aid  had  been  apportioned  in 
accordance  with  the  provisions  of  Plan  11.^ 

12.  Average  membership  in  schools  (1909-10). 

13.  Valuation  per  unit  of  average  membership  (1909—10). 

14.  School  support  per  unit  of  average  membership  from  all 
sources  (1909-10). 

15.  School  support  per  unit  of  average  membership  from 
local  tax  (1909-10). 

16.  Tax  rate  for  1910. 

17.  School  expenditures  per  thousand  dollars  of  valuation 
(1910). 

18.  Eatio  of  school  tax  to  total  tax. 

19.  Length  of  school  year  (in  days). 

20.  Median  salary  of  elementary  teachers. 

(B)  Statistical  exhibit  (with  discussion)  of  State  contribu- 
tions for  various  forms  of  education  in  Massachusetts  for  the 
year  1910. 

(C)  Statistical  exhibit  (with  discussion)  showing  for  each 
State  in  the  Union  the  sources  of  school  revenue,  distributed  by 
percentages  of  the  total  amount  received  by  each  State. 

(D)  Brief  analysis  of  methods  of  school  taxation  in  the 
different  States  of  the  Union. 

1  Plan  II.  is  designed  to  illustrate  a  method  of  distributing  State  aid  in  such  a 
way  that  communities  already  taxing  themselves  to  a  designated  extent  for  the  sup- 
port of  public  schools  shall  be  assisted  out  of  State  funds  to  such  an  extent  as  will 
enable  them  to  expend  for  school  purposes  for  each  pupil  in  average  membership 
a  stipulated  sum.  For  example,  it  may  be  assumed  that  communities  taxing  them- 
selves $5  or  more  per  thousand  for  public  schools  are  making  due  contributions  to 
that  end,  and  are,  therefore,  deserving  of  assistance  from  other  sources.  In  the 
event  that  the  above  tax  does  not  produce  a  sufficient  amount  to  enable  them  to  ex- 
pend for  each  child  in  average  membership  a  certain  sum,  for  example,  the  average 
amount  that  is  spent  throughout  the  State  for  such  purposes  out  of  the  proceeds  of 
local  taxation,  the  State  would  lend  its  assistance. 

The  amounts  indicated  in  column  11  are  computed  as  follows:  — 
(a)  Only  communities  which  expended  for  school  purposes  at  least  $5  per  thou- 
sand of  valuation  have  been  considered;  (b)  the  State  average  of  expenditure  for 
school  purposes  from  the  proceeds  of  local  taxation  are  found  to  be,  approximately, 
$33;  (o)  to  such  communities  as  were  unable  from  the  proceeds  of  a  $5  tax  to  ex- 
pend for  school  purposes  $33  per  pupil  in  average  membership,  the  State's  contribu- 
tion was  computed  as  the  amount  necessary  to  attain  that  end. 


(E)  Brief  history  of  recent  efforts  to  obtain  further  State 
aid  for  education  in  Massachusetts. 

(F)  Resume  of  the  arguments  commonly  urged  in  favor  of 
and  against  State  aid  for  public  education. 

(G)  Brief  discussion  of  certain  problems  relating  to  State 
taxation  for  school  support. 

(H)  Analysis  of  methods  employed  in  distributing  State 
aid  to  communities  for  school  support. 

(I)  Discussion  of  present  methods  of  apportioning  the  in- 
come of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund  and  other  forms  of 
State  aid  to  public  schools. 

(J)  Statistics  and  proposed  act  relating  to  the  payment  of 
transportation  expenses  of  children  attending  high  schools  in 
toAvns  or  cities  other  than  those  in  which  they  reside. 

11. 

THE    SUPPORT    OF    PUBLIC    EDUCATION    IN    MASSACHU- 
SETTS. 

The  primary  purpose  of  the  above  resolve  was  undoubtedly 
to  secure  information  upon  which  may  be  based  some  conclu- 
sions as  to  whether  or  not  the  methods,  now  prescribed  by  law 
for  distributing  between  local  communities  and  the  Common- 
wealth the  cost  of  public  education,  should  remain  unchanged 
or  should  be  modified.  The  present  system,  whereby  almost 
the  entire  cost  of  public  education  is  borne  by  the  local  commu- 
nity in  Massachusetts,  is  based  on  the  theory  of  local  autonomy 
and  local  interest.  Under  conditions  which  formerly  prevailed 
this  system  undoubtedly  produced  good  results.  The  conditions 
have,  however,  changed  in  recent  years  and  many  persons  be- 
lieve that  modifications  should  be  made  in  the  historic  method. 

An  examination  of  the  data  given  in  Appendix  A  will  show 
the  extent  to  which  the  cost  of  public  schools  ^  of  Massachusetts 

^  Throughout  this  report  the  words  "  public  schools  "  and  "  public  education  "  are 
used  in»the  sense  fixed  by  legal  practice  and  educational  administration.  "Public 
schools  "  are  the  elementary,  high  and  evening  schools  which  the  communities  are 
required  by  law  to  maintain,  and  which  are  under  the  direction  of  school  committees. 
The  cost  of  maintaining  public  schools  also  includes  the  cost  of  supervision  by  prin- 
cipals and  superintendents.  Vocational  schools,  normal  schools,  county  industrial 
schools  and  various  other  special  schools  are  not  included  under  the  designation 
"  public  schools." 


10 

is  borne  by  local  taxation.  In  1910-11  the  total  expenditure 
for  the  support  of  public  education  was  $16,642,471.  Of  this, 
$15,972,219  was  raised  by  local  taxation. 

The  State  gives  no  financial  assistance  towards  the  support 
of  public  education  in  towns  and  cities  having  a  valuation  of 
more  than  $2,500,000.  The  income  of  the  Massachusetts  School 
Fund,  amounting  to  about  $238,000  annually,  is  apportioned 
among  towns  having  a  valuation  not  in  excess  of  $2,500,000 ; 
and  these  towns  are  also  aided  by  special  appropriations  from 
the  treasury  of  the  Comrnonwealth  towards  the  payments  of 
the  salaries  of  school  superintendents. 

The  State  also  grants  aid  towards  the  provision  of  high  school 
education  to  towns  having  fewer  than  500  families.  The  data 
presented  in  Appendix  A  will  show  that  in  many  of  the  smaller 
towns  of  the  State  the  financial  aid  thus  given  by  the  State 
forms  an  important  part  of  the  total  revenue  used  for  school 
purposes. 

The  ability  of  a  community  to  support  an  adequate  system 
of  public  schools  may,  in  cases  where  little  or  no  revenue  is 
derived  from  sources  other  than  local  taxation,  be  measured 
by  the  proportion  which  valuation  bears  to  the  number  of  chil- 
dren to  be  educated.  By  this  standard  the  towns  and  cities  of 
Massachusetts  differ  greatly  as  regards  their  capacity  to  sup- 
port public  education.  The  number  of  children  to  be  educated 
is,  in  some  communities,  very  large  in  proportion  to  valuation, 
while  in  other  cases  it  is  small.  In  column  13  of  Appendix  A 
is  shown  for  each  city  and  town  the  quotient  obtained  by  divid- 
ing its  total  valuation  for  1909-10  by  the  average  membership 
of  the  schools  for  that  year.  The  valuation  of  the  community 
per  unit  of  average  membership  is  thus  shown  to  have  been, 
for  the  State  as  a  whole,  $8,157 ;  for  the  city  of  Boston,  $14,- 
212 ;  for  Worcester,  $7,075 ;  and  for  Fall  Kiver,  $6,469.  For 
only  3  cities  of  Massachusetts  was  it  above  $10,000,  while  for^ 
5  it  was  below  $5,000.  In  the  case  of  towns  having  over  5,000 
population  4  had  a  valuation  in  excess  of  $10,000  per  unit  of 
average  membership,  while  in  17  such  valuation  was  under 
$4,000. 

Formerly,  conditions  were  more  nearly  uniform  throughout 
the  State  as  regards  the  distribution  of  taxable  property  in  rela- 


I 


^^        WJ 


11 

tion  to  the  number  of  children  to  be  educated.  The  general 
policy  of  requiring  that  each  community  should  support  its 
OAvn  public  schools  was  established  by  Massachusetts  when  agri- 
culture was  the  principal  occupation.  The  decline  in  land 
values  in  agricultural  communities  and  the  rise  of  large  com- 
mercial and  manufacturing  centers  have  resulted  in  the  in- 
equalities referred  to  above.  The  question  now  arises  as  to 
whether  the  historic  methods  of  supporting  public  education  in 
Massachusetts  may  not  require  modification  in  order  that  a 
more  uniform  distribution  of  educational  opportunities,  and  a 
more  nearly  equal  sharing  in  the  cost  of  providing  such  oppor- 
tunities, may  be  secured. 

The  maintenance  of  public  education  constitutes  in  the  State 
of  Massachusetts  as  elsewhere  in  America  the  heaviest  single 
charge  upon  the  taxable  resources  of  the  community.  Generally 
speaking,  from  20  to  50  per  cent,  of  all  expenditures  of  State 
and  local  revenues  are  for  the  support  of  public  schools.  The 
average  tax  rate  for  all  the  towns  and  cities  of  Massachusetts 
was,  in  1910-11,  $17.55  per  thousand  dollars  of  valuation.  Of 
this,  $4.09  was  for  the  support  of  schools.  But  owing  to  the 
differences  in  valuation  referred  to  above,  both  the  total  tax 
rate  and  the  rate  for  school  support  vary  greatly  among  the 
towns  and  cities.  These  differences  are  set  forth  in  columns 
16  and  17  of  Appendix  A.  There,  for  example,  it  will  be  seen 
that  Boston  had  for  the  year  1910  a  total  tax  rate  of  $16.40, 
and  a  school  tax  rate  of  $2.88  per  thousand,  while  Worcester, 
having  the  same  general  tax  rate,  had  a  school  tax  of  $5.15. 
In  7  of  the  33  cities  of ^  the  State  the  total  tax  rate  was  $20  or 
over  per  thousand,  while  in  9  it  was  below  the  average  for  the 
State.  In  16  of  these  cities  the  expenditures  for  school  pur- 
poses was  at  the  rate  of  $5  or  more  per  thousand,  w^hile  in  3  it 
was  less  than  $4. 

Of  70  towns  having  a  population  of  over  5,000  each,  23  had 
a  local  tax  rate  of  $20  or  over,  while  26  had  a  rate  below  the 
average  for  the  State.  Thirty-five  of  the  250  towns  having  a 
population  of  less  than  5,000  had  tax  rates  of  $20  or  over, 
while  in  12  the  rate  was  less  than  $10  per  thousand.  Eleven 
of  the  70  towns  having  over  5,000  population  expended  for 
school  purposes  more  than  $7  per  thousand  of  valuation,  and 


12 

38  others  over  $5.  In  only  7  was  the  rate  less  than  $4.  In 
the  smaller  toAvns  a  still  wider  disparity  is  shown.  Several  of 
these  expended  for  school  purposes  more  than  $7  per  thousand 
of  valuation,  while  a  considerable  number,  because  aided  by 
the  income  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund,  or  for  other  rea- 
sons, expended  on  this  account  less  than  $3  per  thousand  of 
valuation. 

In  considering  the  cost  of  public  education  in  Massachusetts 
many  factors  other  than  those  indicated  by  the  rates  of  taxa- 
tion or  expenditure  for  a  given  year  must  be  taken  into  account. 
Many  communities  tax  themselves  heavily  for  the  support  of 
their  public  schools  and  for  the  improvement  of  the  quality 
of  the  instruction  given  therein.  But  owing  to  what  is,  in 
many  cases,  a  great  disproportion  between  the  number  of  chil- 
dren to  be  educated  and  the  property  of  the  community  avail- 
able for  purposes  of  taxation,  such  communities  may  find 
themselves  unable,  even  after  imposing  heavy  rates  of  taxation, 
to  provide  school  facilities  adequate  to  meet  existing  needs  and 
the  standards  set  forth  in  the  laws  of  the  State. 

A  conspicuous  evidence  of  this  is  to  be  found  in  the  sal- 
aries paid  to  teachers.  In  the  seventy-fifth  annual  report  of 
the  Board  a  special  statistical  study  was  presented  showing  the 
salaries  of  the  teachers  of  Massachusetts,  distributed  by  cities 
and  tovnis  and  also  by  position  held.  The  salaries  paid  to  ele- 
mentary teachers  constitute  the  most  satisfactory  index  of  com- 
munity effort  in  the  direction  of  attracting  and  retaining 
teachers. 

Eeference  to  the  figures  given  in  column  20  of  Appendix  A 
will  show  that  in  Boston  the  ''  median  "  salary  ^  of  elementary 
teachers  was,  in  1910-11,  $936;  in  Worcester  it  was  $700; 
while  in  Gloucester  it  was  $500.  Among  the  tovnis  and  cities 
of  Massachusetts  teachers'  salaries  vary  greatly,  as  is  shovni  byj 
the  study  noted  above. 

Low  salaries  do  not  always  signify  inability  on  the  part  of 
the  community  to  pay  higher  ones.     ^Nevertheless,  it  is  true 

^  By  "  median  "  salary  is  meant  the  middle  salary  in  a  group  of  salaries  arranged 
in  order  from  the  lowest  to  the  highest.  The  "  median  "  amount  does  not  differ 
greatly  from  the  average.  This  method  of  pi-esenting  briefly  the  significance  of  a 
large  number  of  figures  now  has  general  approval. 


13 

that  there  are  many  communities  which  are  endeavoring  to 
maintain  good  schools,  as  indicated  by  their  rates  of  expendi- 
ture for  school  purposes,  but  which  are  unable  to  pay  salaries 
sufficient  to  hold  their  best  teachers.  Brockton  had  a  school  tax 
rate  of  $6.11  in  1910,  while  the  median  salary  paid  to  its  ele- 
mentary teachers  was  $675 ;  in  Everett  these  figures  were, 
respectively,  $6.50  and  $650;  in  Marlborough,  $5.92  and  $575; 
in  Adams,  $7.67  and  $500;  and  in  Southbridge,  $5.16  and 
$480. 

On  the  other  hand,  examination  of  the  figures  in  Appendix 
A  will  show  that  in  many  of  the  towns  and  cities  of  Massachu- 
setts valuation  is  large  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  children 
for  whom  school  facilities  must  be  provided.  Such  communities 
can  easily  pay  such  salaries  as  will  attract  to  them  teachers  of 
superior  ability. 

On  the  other  hand,  so-called  "  poor  towns  "  —  i.e.,  towns  hav- 
ing a  low  valuation  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  children  to 
be  educated  —  may  not  be  able  to  make  sufficient  provision  for 
the  right  quality  of  normal  public  school  work,  not  to  speak  of 
the  newer  educational  opportunities,  such  as  manual  training, 
household  arts,  drawing,  agriculture,  etc.  They  cannot  under- 
take the  establishment  of  vocational  schools  of  which  they  are 
often  in  peculiar  need.  Because  of  the  burdens  of  school  taxa- 
tion, progressive  citizens  in  such  communities  find  it  difficult  to 
sustain  public  interest  in  good  schools.  An  attitude  of  resent- 
ment towards  new  measures  in  education  often  develops  under 
these  conditions. 

III. 

THE  QUESTION  OF  FURTHER  STATE  CONTRIBUTIONS 
TOWARDS  THE  SUPPORT  OF  PUBLIC  EDUCATION  IN 
MASSACHUSETTS. 

It  is  the  opinion  of  many  persons  interested  in  the  promotion 
of  public  education  in  Massachusetts  that  an  educational  policy, 
suited  to  present  conditions  as  regards  the  distribution  of  popu- 
lation  and  taxable  property  in  the  Commonwealth,  would  re- 
B  quire  that  the  State  should  contribute  financial  aid  towards  the 
H     support  of  public  education  to  many  communities  now  obliged 


14 

tion.  The  State  now  gives  substantial  assistance,  as  noted 
above,  towards  the  support  of  schools  in  communities  in  which 
valuation  does  not  exceed  $2,500,000.  But  an  examination  of 
the  d-ata  given  in  Appendix  A  (see  especially  columns  13  and 
17)  will  show  that  it  is  not  alone  towns  of  small  valuation  which 
are  in  need  of  revenues  additional  to  those  which  are  to  be 
raised  bj  local  taxation,  if  satisfactory  school  facilities  are  to 
be  provided;  many  towns  of  large  valuation  and  some  cities 
find  the  demand  for  school  accommodations  and  instruction 
so  great  as  seriously  to  tax  the  resources  available  for  providing 
these  facilities,  even  after  appropriations  have  been  made  for 
this  purpose  from  local  revenues  to  an  extent  which  results  in 
taxation  that  seems  excessive. 

Partial  support  of  education  by  the  State  and  a  special  tax 
for  the  purpose  have  been  discussed  for  many  years  in  Massa- 
chusetts. In  Appendix  E  is  given  a  brief  account  of  various 
attempts  since  1870  to  secure  a  "  mill ''  tax  for  school  purposes. 
In  Appendix  F  are  summarized  the  familiar  arguments  for 
and  against  State  aid  to  public  education. 

Massachusetts  occupies  a  somewhat  peculiar  position  among 
the  States  of  the  Union,  and  also  in  comparison  with  foreign 
countries,  as  regards  State  aid  to  public  education.  In  Appen- 
dix C  is  shown  for  each  State  in  the  Union  the  distribution  of 
the  cost  of  public  schools.  It  there  appears  that  in  every  State 
in  the  Union  other  sources  of  school  revenue  besides  local  taxa- 
tion are  drawn  upon  to  meet  the  cost  of  public  education;  but 
it  also  appears  that  in  Massachusetts  local  taxation  is  the  source 
of  school  support  to  an  extent  greater  than  is  the  case  in  any 
other  State. 

In  the  earlier  stages  of  their  history  most  of  the  States  fol- 
lowed the  policy  still  found  in  Massachusetts  of  imposing  upon 
the  local  community  the  chief,  if  not  the  entire,  responsibility 
for  providing  school  revenues.  This  plan  has  been  of  late  years 
greatly  modified  in  nearly  all  the  States.  The  sale  of  school 
lands  enabled  many  western  States  to  accumulate  funds,  the 
income  from  which  is  now  distributed  among  counties  and  dis- 
tricts for  school  purposes.  Some  of  these  same  States  and  other 
States,  not  possessing  school  funds,  established  years  ago  fixed 


I 


15 

rates  of  State  taxation,  the  proceeds  of  which  are  distributed 
so  as  to  supplement  local  taxation  as  a  means  of  supporting 
public  schools.     (See  Appendix  D.) 

As  shown  by  the  table  in  Appendix  C,  the  revenues  for 
the  support  of  public  education  in  Massachusetts  in  1909-10 
were  derived  as  follows:  from  permanent  funds,  1.1  per  cent,  of 
the  total  school  revenue;  from  State  taxation,  .9  per  cent. ;  from 
local  taxation,  96.8  per  cent. ;  and  from  other  sources,  1.2  per 
cent.  The  table  also  shows  that  in  all  the  New  England  States, 
except  Massachusetts,  a  considerable  State  tax  is  now  levied, 
the  proceeds  of  which  are  used  to  aid  local  communities  in 
providing  adequate  public  instruction.  The  State  tax  for  this 
purpose  in  Maine  provided  in  1909-10  over  35  per  cent,  of  all 
school  revenues ;  in  New  Hampshire,  Y  per  cent. ;  in  Vermont, 
1 6  per  cent. ;  in  Ehode  Island,  over  6  per  cent. ;  and  in  Connect- 
icut, over  12  per  cent. 

In  foreign  countries  the  support  of  public  education  has,  for 
many  years  and  to  a  constantly  increasing  extent,  been  assumed 
by  the  larger  administrative  areas.  In  Great  Britain  and  Ire- 
land the  national  government  through  regular  parliamentary 
appropriations  supplies  from  55  to  60  per  cent,  of  the  cost  of 
school  maintenance ;  in  France,  almost-the  entire  cost  of  public 
education  is  now  met  from  national  funds,  while  in  the  several 
German  States  contributions  of  revenue  from  national  sources 
provide  in  every  case  a  considerable  portion,  and  in  some  in- 
stances more  than  half  of  the  cost  of  all  forms  of  publicly  sup- 
ported education. 

The  national  governments  in  these  foreign  countries,  in 
assuming  more  of  the  cost  of  public  education,  have  been 
actuated  not  only  by  the  conviction  that  in  no  other  way  could 
adequate  school  facilities  be  supplied  in  the  poorer  localities, 
but  also  by  a  recognition  of  the  far-reaching  importance  of 
State  supervision  and  the  consequent  higher  standards  of  edu- 
cational efficiency  which  follow  as  an  inevitable  corollary  to 
State  contribution. 

The  Board  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  efficiency  of  the  public 
school  education  of  Massachusetts  would  be  increased  if  the 
Commonwealth  were  to  assume  a  larger  part  of  the  burden  of 


16 

its  support,  primarily  aiding  those  localities  which  cannot  main- 
tain good  schools  by  means  of  local  taxation  alone.  The  fact 
that  the  funds  for  this  purpose  would  come  in  large  part  from 
the  richer  communities,  is  not  a  conclusive  argument  against 
such  a  policy,  since  every  portion  of  the  State  has  a  definite  and 
vital  interest  in  the  well-being,  including  the  opportunities  for 
education,  of  every  other  portion  of  the  State.  Moreover,  the 
supervision  of  public  school  education  of  the  State,  which  would 
inevitably  follow  a  larger  contribution  from  the  State  treasury, 
ought  to  result  in  the  maintenance  of  more  uniform  and  higher 
standards  of  education. 

As  a  practical  matter,  the  assumption  by  the  Commonwealth 
of  a  larger  portion  of  the  cost  of  public  school  education  cannot 
be  considered  except  in  connection  with  fundamental  questions 
of  State  taxation  with  which  the  Board  is  not  officially  con- 
cerned. If  aid  is  to  be  given  by  the  State  to  public  schools,  the 
necessary  money  must  be  supplied.  The  extent  to  which  the 
State  will  assume  such  an  additional  burden  depends  upon  the 
will  of  the  people,  acting  through  the  Legislature,  to  supply 
the  means. 

Massachusetts  owns  no  public  land,  as  do  many  western 
States,  the  proceeds  of  which  may  be  so  invested  as  to  produce 
a  perpetual  income  for  school  purposes.  ISTew  York,  ^ew  Jer- 
sey, Pennsylvania  and  other  States  are  able,  as  is  shown  in 
Appendix  G,  to  utilize  revenues  derived  from  indirect  taxa- 
tion, wholly  or  in  part,  to  defray  State  contributions  for  public 
school  purposes.  The  Board  cannot  undertake  to  indicate  to 
what  extent  and  in  what  directions  sources  of  revenue  other 
than  direct  taxation  are  available  in  Massachusetts,  in  the  event 
that  the  Legislature  seeks  to  provide  additional  financial  assist- 
ance to  communities  for  the  support  of  public  schools. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  facts  and  figures  of  the  report  her©! 
presented  will  lead  to  full  discussion  and  will  aid  in  bringing 
about  a  consensus  of  opinion  as  to  the  policy  to  be  adopted. 

The  problems  of  taxation,  and  especially  the  extent  to  which 
the  State  is  able  or  willing  to  increase  its  burdens  in  this  re- 
gard, are  so  fundamental  that  the  Board  deems  it  inexpedient 
to  make  final  and  definite  recommendations  until  these  ques- 
tions shall  have  received  further  consideration. 


17 

In  Appendix  A  are  found  some  suggestions  on  the  general 
subject  to  which  attention  is  respectfully  called. 

In  this  connection,  it  is  important  to  note  that  the  Common- 
wealth now  contribui;es  approximately  $2,000,000  annually  to 
the  support  of  various  forms  of  education.  In  addition  to  the 
amounts  contributed  to  the  support  of  public  schools,  as  de- 
scribed above  ($238,000  from  the  income  of  the  Massachusetts 
School  Fund,  and  $149,000  aid  for  high  schools  and  for  super- 
intendents' salaries),  there  was  expended  by  the  Common- 
wealth, in  1910,  nearly  $400,000  for  normal  schools;  over 
$300,000  for  higher  technical  and  agricultural  education; 
nearly  $50,000  for  vocational  education  of  secondary  grade; 
and  over  $750,000  for  the  education  of  defectives  and  delin- 
quents.    (See  details  in  Appendix  B.) 

It  is  reasonable  to  expect  that  the  amounts  to  be  expended  in 
aiding  vocational  education  will  materially  increase  during  the 
next  few  years.  The  Legislature  will  have  before  it  proposals 
for  the  establishment  of  a  retirement  system  for  teachers  which, 
if  adopted,  will  probably  call  for  aid  from  the  treasury  of  the 
Commonwealth. 

IV. 

METHODS    OF   DISTRIBUTING    STATE    FUNDS. 

The  methods  that  may  be  employed  in  distributing  among 
local  communities  any  contributions  made  by  the  State  towards 
the  support  of  public  education  must  exert  a  profound  influence 
on  the  quality  and  general  administration  of  such  education. 

The  experience  of  other  countries  and  other  States  demon- 
strates that  financial  aid  provided  by  national  or  State  gov- 
ernments towards  meeting,  in  whole  or  in  part,  the  cost  of 
carrying  on  a  public  activity  so  essentially  local  in  its  nature 
as  public  education,  may  be  so  administered  as  to  stimulate 
local  eifort  and  at  the  same  time  equalize  in  a  considerable 
degree,  as  among  different  communities,  both  the  burden  of 
taxation  for  school  purposes  and  also  the  provision  of  educa- 
tional opportunities. 

For  this  reason,  therefore,  the  Board  presents  herewith  a 
brief  discussion  of  certain  principles  which,  in  its  opinion, 
should  be  applied  in  any  legislation  making  further  provision 


18 

for  State  aid  to  public  education  in  Massachusetts.  (Appen- 
dix H.) 

The  experience  of  States  other  than  Massachusetts  supplies 
many  suggestions  in  this  matter.  It  was'  formerly  the  custom 
in  southern  States  to  distribute  among  communities  the  pro- 
ceeds of  a  State  tax  for  schools  in  approximately  the  propor- 
tions of  the  contributions  of  the  several  communities.  In 
western  and  north-central  States,  where  the  State  funds  first 
available  for  educational  purposes  were  derived,  not  from  State 
taxation,  but  from  the  income  of  funds  created  through  the  sale 
of  public  lands,  it  was  long  customary  to  distribute  State  aid 
among  communities  on  the  basis  of  the  total  number  of  children 
in  such  communities,  as  shown  by  the  school  census. 

In  recent  years  better  methods  than  those  indicated  above 
have  been  established  in  nearly  all  the  States  of  the  Union. 
Two  principles  are  now  regarded  as  of  primary  importance: 
(a)  State  aid  shall  be  so  distributed  as  to  contribute  towards 
an  equalization  of  educational  opportunities  and  of  the  cost 
of  maintaining  the  same  among  different  communities;  and 
(h)  State  aid  shall  be  so  distributed  as  to  place  a  premium  on 
local  effort,  both  as  regards  supporting  the  public  schools  and 
as  regards  maintaining  the  quality  of  the  work  done  in  them. 
Absolute  equality  in  these  respects  is  not .  attainable ;  neverthe- 
less, the  various  methods  of  providing  and  distributing  State 
funds  for  educational  purposes  described  in  Appendices  D  and 
H  do  in  large  measure  lead  to  such  results. 

The  methods  employed  in  Massachusetts  in  distributing  the 
financial  aid  given  now  by  the  Commonwealth  to  small  towns 
conform  in  several  important  respects  to^  these  principles :  (a) 
State  aid  is  given  to  towns  not  required  by  law  to  maintain 
high  schools,  when  these,  nevertheless,  undertake  that  responsi- 
bility; (&)  small  communities,  unable  to  maintain  high  schools, 
are  given  financial  assistance  towards  the  payment  of  high 
school  tuition  for  pupils  sent  elsewhere  to  obtain  necessary  high 
school  education;  (c)  in  order  that  expert  supervision  may,  be 
provided  in  all  towns  the  State  pays  a  portion  of  the  salary  of 
each  superintendent  of  schools  in  towns  having  a  valuation  of 


19 

$2,500,000  or  less;  {d)  the  income  of  the  Massachusetts  School 
Fund  is  distributed  to  towns  of  a  valuation  not  in  excess  of 
$2,500,000  in  proportions  varying  in  part  according  to  the 
relation  which  the  school  tax  bears  to  the  total  tax  levied  in 
such  towns. 

The  Board  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  present  methods  of  dis- 
tributing the  income  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund  are  not 
wholly  in  accord  with  sound  educational  policy.  (See  Appendix 
I.)  It  will  undoubtedly  prove  desirable  in  the  near  future  to 
modify  the  system  now  employed,  in  order  further  to  stimulate 
local  effort  and  more  nearly  to  equalize  local  burdens.  But,  in 
the  event  that  the  Legislature  can  provide  for  further  State 
aid  for  public  education,  it  is  of  fundamental  importance 
that  the  principles  employed  in  distributing  such  assistance 
should  be  entirely  sound.  Attention  is  especially  called  to  two 
different  systems  already  employed  in  whole  or  in  part  in  sev- 
eral States. 

The  first  and  simplest  method  of  distribution  is  that  which 
involves  the  apportionment  of  State  funds  to  communities  in 
proportion  to  the  average  membership  in  the  schools.  The  aver- 
age membership  in  the  schools  is,  except  in  rural  communities 
having  many  single-room  schools,  a  fair  measure  of  educational 
need.  This  method  of  distribution  operates  as  an  inducement 
to  the  community  to  encourage  large  and  regular  school  attend- 
ance. 

As  a  means  of  illustrating  this  method  of  distribution,  the 
Board  presents  in  Appendix  A,  in  columns  9  and  10,  exhibits 
for  each  city  and  town  of  the  Commonwealth,  showing  what 
burden  a  mill  tax  would  have  imposed  if  based  on  the  valuation 
of  1910,  and  what  the  proceeds  of  such  a  tax  would  have  con- 
tributed to  each  community  if  distributed  on  the  basis  of  aver- 
age membership  in  the  schools  for  1909-10. 

It  is  obvious  that  such  a  method  of  distribution  involves  the 
apportionment  of  State  aid  to  all  communities,  even  though 
these  may  be  abundantly  able  to  support  their  schools  without 
State  assistance.  But  it  is  a  method  now  employed  in  many 
States,  and  appeals  to  many  administrators  as  being  equitable 
and  effective.      In   its   detailed   application,    special   provision 


20 

must  be  made  for  rural  communities  having  many  single-room 
schools.  In  practice,  too,  additional  provision  is  usually  made 
in  States  using  this  system  for  special  additional  aid  to  very 
poor  communities,  and  to  communities  inaugurating  new  and 
expensive  types  of  education,  as  in  agriculture. 

A  method  of  distributing  State  funds  for  the  support  of 
public  education,  which  is  designed  in  a  direct  and  positive 
fashion  to  stimulate  local  endeavor,  and  partially  to  equalize 
educational  opportunities,  is  the  following:  State  funds  avail- 
able for  this  purpose  are  distributed  only  to  such  communities 
as  shall  already  have  levied  a  stated  tax  for  school  support; 
and  to  these  in  such  a  way  as  to  enable  all  of  them  to  expend 
for  the  education  of  each  pupil  in  average  membership  at  least 
equal  sums.  In  column  11  of  Appendix  A  are  given,  by  way 
of  illustration,  the  amounts  which  the  State  would  have  con- 
tributed to  certain  towns  and  cities  in  1911  if  it  had  distributed 
aid  in  accordance  with  these  principles:  (a)  that  only  towns 
and  cities  that  had  for  the  preceding  year  expended  for  school 
support  at  least  $5  for  each  thousand  of  valuation  should  be 
entitled  to  such  assistance;  and  (h)  that  the  sum  which  each 
town  or  city  should  receive  from  the  State  would  be  the  differ- 
ence between  the  proceeds  of  a  $5  tax  on  each  thousand  dollars 
of  local  valuation  and  the  amount  obtained  by  multiplying  the 
average  attendance  in  the  schools  for  the  previous  year  by  the 
average  per  capita  expenditure  (derived  from  local  taxation) 
for  school  support  throughout  the  State  in  that  year. 

V. 

PROVisio:sr   for   the   transportation   of   certain 

HIGH  SCHOOL   PUPILS. 

There  was  before  the  Legislature  of  1912  a  bill  providing 
that  the  State  should  reimburse  towns  not  required  to  main- 
tain high  schools,  which  should  pay  for  the  transportation  of 
pupils  to  high  schools  in  other  towns  and  cities.  This  bill  was 
referred  to  the  Board  for  consideration  and  report. 

The  Board  recommends  that  legislation  be  enacted  containing 
the  following  provisions :  — 


21 

(a)  All  towns  not  maintaining  high  schools  shall  pay  all 
necessary  amounts,  not  exceeding  $1.50  per  week,  required  to 
transport  properly  approved  pupils  to  high  schools  in  other 
towns  or  cities,  in  the  same  manner  that  they  are  now  required 
to  pay  tuition  charges  incurred  on  behalf  of  such  pupils  (chap^ 
ter  537,  Acts  of  1911). 

(h)  Towns  which,  during  any  preceding  school  year,  ex- 
pended out  of  the  proceeds  of  local  taxation  for  the  support  of 
public  schools  not  less  than  $4  and  less  than  $5  per  thousand  of 
valuation  for  that  year  shall  be  entitled  to  reimbursement  from 
the  Commonwealth  of  one  half  of  all  amounts  so  expended  for 
transportation;  and  towns  so  expending  not  less  than  $5  per 
thousand  dollars  of  valuation  shall  be  entitled  to  reimburse- 
ment in  full. 

The  Board  believes  that  the  enactment  of  such  legislation 
would  be  in  accordance  with  the  policy  already  established  by 
the  Commonwealth  in  providing  for  free  secondary  education 
in  small  towns. 

In  Appendix  J  will  be  found  a  table  giving  approximately 
the  probable  cost  to  the  State  of  the  adoption  of  the  plan  here 
proposed.  There  is  also  submitted  a  proposed  act  giving  effect 
to  the  Board's  recommendations. 

VI. 

FINDINGS  AND   RECOMMENDATIONS. 

The  Board  respectfully  submits,  in  response  to  the  resolve 
quoted  at  the  beginning  of  this  report,  its  findings  and  recom- 
mendations, as  follows :  — 

1.  In  Massachusetts  it  has  long  been  the  established  policy 
that  the  cost  of  supporting  the  regular  public  schools  should  be 
borne  by  the  local  community.  The  State  gives  financial  assist- 
ance for  public  school  purposes  to  towns  having  a  valuation  not 
in  excess  of  $2,500,000,  and  to  all  towns  and  cities  maintaining 
approved  vocational  schools.  The  State  furthermore  expends 
large  sums  for  the  education  of  defectives  and  delinquents,  for 
the  training  of  teachers,  and  for  the  partial  support  of  higher 
technical  and  agricultural  education. 


22 

2.  There  is  in  Massachusetts  a  considerable  number  of  towns 
and  cities  having  a  relatively  low  valuation  in  proportion  to 
the  number  of  children  to  be  educated  which  receive  no  finan- 
cial aid  from  the  State  towards  the  support  of  public  educa- 
fion.  These  communities  find  it  hard  to  meet  the  necessary 
cost  of  public  education  out  of  the  proceeds  of  local  taxation. 
It  is  probable  that  in  some  of  these  communities  conditions  of 
industry  and  population  are  changing  in  such  a  way  that  in 
the  future  the  burden  of  maintaining  adequate  school  facilities 
will  be  relatively  greater  than  it  is  at  present.  In  these  cases 
the  historic  method  of  supporting  public  education  is  and  will 
be^  in  Massachusetts,  unsatisfactory.  Notwithstanding  that  the 
Commonwealth,  by  legislation  and  otherwise,  aims  to  promote 
fairly  uniform  standards  of  efficiency  in  public  education,  be- 
cause of  limited  resources  these  towms  are  unable  to  conform 
to  such  standards  except  at  the  cost  of  excessive  taxation. 

3.  The  Board  is  of  the  opinion  that  sound  educational  pol- 
icy on  the  part  of  the  Commonwealth,  looking  to  the  mainte- 
nance of  an  efficient  system  of  public  schools  throughout  the 
Commonwealth,  requires  that  a  number  of  towns  and  cities,  not 
now  in  receipt  of  financial  assistance  for  the  support  of  public 
education,  should  be  so  assisted,  if  the  financial  resources  of 
the  Commonwealth  permit  the  necessary  expenditures  for  that 
purpose.  The  Board  recognizes  that  there  are  involved,  in  pro- 
posals for  further  substantial  contributions  by  the  State  to  the 
support  of  public  education,  fundamental  questions  of  State 
fiscal  policy  not  within  its  purview.  The  Board  is  convinced 
that  the  practice  of  other  States  and  countries,  in  distributing 
the  cost  of  supporting  public  education  between  the  local  com- 
munity and  the  State  or  nation,  is  sound  in  principle  and  has 
produced  good  results,  in  that  through  State  supervision  higher 
standards  have  been  established  and  maintained,  and  poorer 
communities  have  been  enabled  to  offer  better  educational  facili- 
ties. 'No  sacrifice  of  local  interest  need  be  involved.  The 
Board  refers  the  entire  subject  to  the  General  Court  as  worthy 
of  careful  consideration. 

4.  In  the  event  that  the  Commonwealth  finds  it  feasible  to 
provide  contributions  out  of  State  revenues  towards  the  support 


23 


of  public  education  additional  to  those  now  made,  the  Board 
is  ready  to  submit  to  the  General  Court  alternative  plans, 
whereby  such  contributions  could  be  so  employed  as  to  assist 
the  communities  now  most  heavily  burdened,  while  at  the  same 
time  providing  for  proper  encouragement  of  local  effort  and 
for  suitable  supervision  of  expenditures,  to  the  end  that  the 
highest  efficiency  may  result.  The  Board  regards  it  as  inex- 
pedient to  suggest  such  plans  in  detail  until  the  entire  subject 
has  received  further  consideration. 

5.  The  Board  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  requirement  that  the 
income  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund  shall  be  apportioned 
only  among  towns  having  a  valuation  not  exceeding  $2,500,000 
is  in  accordance  with  sound  educational  policy.  But  the  Board 
is  convinced  that  a  system  of  apportioning  that  income  to  the 
various  tovms  entitled  thereto  can  be  devised  whereby  the  needs 
of  the  several  communities  can  be  more  equitably  met  than  is 
the  case  at  present,  and  whereby  greater  effort  on  the  part  of 
many  such  communities  can  be  encouraged.  The  Board  submits 
no  specific  recommendations  to  this  effect  at  the  present  time, 
believing  that  the  larger  question  of  State  aid  to  communities 
of  over  $2,500,000  valuation  should  first  receive  attention;  but 
the  Board  holds  itself  in  readiness  to  make  detailed  recom- 
mendations affecting  the  apportionment  of  the  income  of  the 
Massachusetts  School  Fund  when  called  upon  to  do  so. 

6.  The  Board  recommends  that  legislation  be  enacted  requir- 
ing that  tovms  not  maintaining  high  schools  shall  be  required  to 
pay,  as  provided  in  the  bill  submitted  in  Appendix  J,  the 
expenses  incurred  in  transporting  pupils  to  high  schools  in 
other  towns  and  cities;  and  that  provision  be  made  whereby, 
under  certain  conditions  indicated  above,  such  towns  may  be 
reimbursed  in  whole  or  in  part  for  expenditures  so  incurred. 

Y.  If  the  present  Legislature  desires  more  specific  recom- 
mendations on  any  subject  treated  in  this  report  the  Board  will 
promptly  make  the  same.  It  may  be  in  a  position  to  submit 
such  further  recommendations  on  its  own  initiative  to  a  succeed- 
ing Legislature. 


24 


PART  II.     APPENDICES. 


Appendix  A. 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative 

TO  School 

d 

lad 

< 
1 

-2  11 

3 

1^1 

cj  P"'^ 

o 

O  00  00 

> 

H 

H 

1 

2 

3 

MASSACHUSETTS 

$3,907,892,598 

$68,589,376 

$16,642,471  00 

Cities. 

1 

Boston, 

1,393,765,423 

23,249,628 

4,061,432  31 

2 

Worcester, 

141,212,607 

2,398,444 

731,467  27 

3 

Fall  River 

92,488,520 

1,793,183 

442,319  89 

4 

Lowell, 

79,844,448 

1,618,135 

377,788  98 

5 

Cambridge, 

110,796,735 

2,280,334 

509,665  68 

6 

New  Bedford 

83,906,051 

1,648,704 

350,890  09 

7 

Lynn, 

72,648,640 

1,509,524 

328,322  76 

8 

Springfield, 

119.081,778 

1,932,250 

547,491  37 

9 

Lawrence, 

65,446,007 

1,118,842 

289,413  41 

10 

Somerville, 

66,376,338 

1,271,328 

371,222  63 

11 

Holyoke 

49,862,240 

876,336 

248,590  46 

12 

Brockton, 

43,353,741 

913,480 

265,464  67 

13 

Maiden, 

40,491,384 

773,580 

220.449  73 

14 

Haverhill 

32.929.962 

651,513 

191.482  50 

15 

Salem 

33.525,900 

643,633 

155.730  48 

16 

Newton 

73.587.510 

1,389,961 

319,415  00 

17 

Fitchburg, 

30,122,175 

587,018 

139,927  26 

18 

Taunton, 

22,780,761 

464,052 

134,423  27 

19 

Everett, 

27,777,700 

568,486 

181,015  80 

20 

Quincy, 

32,456.380 

668,299 

153,573  35 

21 

Chelsea 

25,720,100 

593,832 

146,775  50 

22 

Pittsfield 

24,979,745 

494.149 

141,967  00 

23 

Waltham 

26,104.365 

453,359 

109,327  00 

24 

Chicopee, 

13.309,680 

272,532 

89,167  36 

25 

Gloucester, 

23,739,498 

451,916 

112,936  50 

26 

Medford, 

23,683,100 

510,257 

•      134,042  89 

27 

North  Adams, 

16,459.242 

320,049 

93,190  58 

28 

Northampton, 

14,754,111 

252,786 

83,061  36 

29 

Beverly, 

35,643,475 

552,608 

125,848  51 

30 

Melrose, 

16,463,865 

328,378 

93,670  43 

31 

Woburn, 

11,491,511 

236,297 

64,812  91 

32 

Newburyport, 

15,242,057 

275,239 

51,581  28 

33 

Marlborough, 

Towns  over  5,000  Population. 

10,423,083 

235,280 

61,995  33 

34 

Brookline 

108,634,000 

1,372,897 

218,771  94 

35 

Revere, 

17.719,612 

400,249 

102,071  50 

36 

Leominster, 

12,398,235 

252,053 

74,060  70 

37 

Attleborough, 

16,896,725 

288,675 

77,095  51 

38 

Westfield 

9,459,029 

166,481 

73,958  86 

25 


PART  II.    APPENDICES. 


Appendix  A. 


Support  in  the  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts. 


So 

i'§ 

§s . 

ss 

g 

%h 

Is 

11 

.-IS 

41 

m 

ft.2 
a  c 

QO   3 

i|3 
1.11 

.1 

1% 

1° 

ill 

M 

< 

to 

CZJ 

H 

o 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

$15,972,219  00 

$238,748  00 

$68,368  00 

$83,556  90 

$390,672  90 

13,907,893 

4,016,063  11 

_ 

_ 

1,393,765 

727,097  82 

- 

- 

- 

141,212 

433,588  40 

- 

- 

— 

- 

92,488 

377,788  98 

- 

- 

- 

- 

79,844 

502,829  48 

- 

- 

- 

- 

110,796 

347,154  69 

_ 

« 

_ 

_ 

83,906 

326,606  45 

- 

- 

- 

- 

72,648 

530,955  92 

- 

- 

- 

- 

119,081 

289,413  41 

- 

- 

- 

- 

65,446 

370,363  04 

- 

- 

- 

66,376 

247,934  50 

_ 

_ 

_ 

49,862 

265,029  67 

_ 

- 

- 

- 

43,353 

218,454  07 

- 

- 

- 

- 

40,491 

190,412  00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

32,929 

155,730  48 

- 

- 

- 

- 

33,525 

319,375  00 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

73,587 

139,298  01 

- 

- 

- 

- 

30,122 

129,993  41 

- 

- 

- 

- 

22,780 

180,563  65 

- 

- 

- 

- 

27.777 

153,474  00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

32,456 

146,439  51 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

25,720 

141,967  00 

- 

- 

- 

— 

24,979 

109,210  40 

- 

- 

- 

- 

26,104 

89,082  86 

- 

- 

- 

_ 

13,309 

112,936  50 

- 

- 

- 

- 

23,739 

133,564  78 

_ 

_ 

- 

_ 

23,683 

91,755  58 

- 

- 

— 

- 

16,459 

81,123  17 

- 

_ 

- 

_ 

14.754 

125,848  51 

- 

- 

- 

- 

35,643 

93.670  43 

- 

- 

- 

- 

16,463 

63,264  05 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

11,491 

48,502  65 

- 

- 

- 

- 

15,242 

61,676  91 

- 

~ 

- 

- 

10.423 

218,771  94 

_ 

_ 

. 

_ 

108.634 

101,911  32 

- 

- 

-. 

_ 

17.719 

73,025  68 

- 

- 

- 

_ 

12,398 

76,276  87 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

16.896 

65.257  56 

~ 

— 

- 

- 

9.459 

26 


PART  II.    APPENDICES. 


Appendix  A. 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


•32 

|i 


"5  c 

.2  S'^ 
3  >xi 


32 


MASSACHUSETTS, 


Boston,    . 
Worcester, 
Fall  River, 
Lowell,     . 
Cambridge, 


New  Bedford, 

Lynn, 

Springfield, 

Lawrence, 

Somerville, 


Cities. 


Holyoke, 
Brockton, 
Maiden,  . 
Haverhill, 
Salem,     . 


Newton,  . 
Fitchburg, 
Taunton, 
Everett,  . 
Quincy,  . 

Chelsea,  . 
Pittsfield, 
Waltham, 
Chicopee, 
Gloucester, 


Medfield, 
North  Adams, 
Northampton, 
Beverly,  . 
Melrose,  . 


Woburn, 
Newbury  port, 
Marlborough, 


Towns  over  5,000  Population. 

Brookline, 

Revere, 

Leominster 

Attleborough,          .... 
Westfield 


10 


$791,400  69 
161,052  99 
115,376  V9 
92,611  32 
124.802  55 


80,812  98 

83,823  09 

103,360  56 

66.432  14 

99.462  75 

50,025  93 

70,144  44 

57,062  97 

44,401  14 

37.339  89 


61,849  75 
32,514  03 
35,265  90 
52,148  34 
48,339  30 

37,081  65 
36,960  60 
25,210  68 
22,717  05 
37.912  86 


33,345  24 
24,331  05 
21,784  79 
25,912  77 
24,613  50 

23,411  07 
15,470  19 
19,174  32 


30,423  90 
28,164  30 
17,140  68 
18,972  57 
18.318  90 


$9,361  00 


74.845  00 


70.071  00 
30,888  00 
16.921  00 


30,310  00 
74,361  CO 


23,035  00 

26,350  00 

17.941  00 
17,200  00 
15,231  00 

18.335  00 

38.278  00 

26,293  00 


26,575  00 
8.102  00 

27,615  00 


12 

479.069 


98,067 
19.957 
14,297 
11.476 
15.465 

10,014 
10,387 
12,808 
8,232 
12,325 

6,199 
8.692 
7.071 
5.502 
4,627 

6,425 
4.029 
4,370 
6.462 
5.990 

4,595 
4,580 
3.124 
2.815 
4.698 

4.132 
3.015 
2,697 
3,211 
3,050 

2.901 
1,917 
2,376 


3,770 
3,490 
2.124 
2,351 
2,270 


13 

$8,157  26 


14.212  38 
7,075  84 

6.469  08 
6,957  52 
7,164  35 

8,378  87 
6,994  19 

9.297  45 
7,950  20 
5,385  60 

8,043  69 

4,988  03 

6,726  40 

5,985  09 

7,245  71 

11,453  31 
7,476  34 
5,212  99 

4.298  62 
5,418  00 

6,597  00 
5,454  00 
8,035  00 
4,799  00 
5,053  00 

5,731  00 
5,459  00 

6.470  00 
11,100  00 

5,430  00 

3,961  00 
7,950  00 
4,433  00 


28.815  00 
5.077  00 
5,837  00 
7.187  00 
4,166  00 


27 


PART  II.    APPENDICES. 


Appendix  A 


Support  in  the  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts  —  Continved. 


mpport  per 
of     average 

rship  from  all 
(1909-10). 

support     per 

of    average 

irship    from 

X  for  1909-10. 

for  1910. 

s 
i 

s 

>> 

"2 

V  03 

!h00l      1 

unit 
membe 
local  ta 

X 

lis 

|3 

CO 

CO 

H 

& 

rt 

s 

14 

15 

16 

n 

18 

19 

20 

133  42 

$32  07 

$17  55 

$4  03 

.24 

187 

- 

40  52 

40  05 

16  40 

2  88 

.18 

191 

$936  00 

34  73 

34  63 

16  40 

5  15 

.31 

200 

700  00 

27  41 

26  72 

18  70 

4  69 

.25 

190 

660  00 

32  84 

32  28 

19  60 

4  73 

.24 

184 

700  00 

32  75 

32  25 

20  10 

4  54 

.23 

192 

700  00 

31  05 

30  80 

19  00 

4  14 

.22 

193 

700  00 

30  16 

30  07 

20  00 

4  50 

.22 

190 

700  00 

39  79 

38  94 

15  80 

4  46 

.28 

191 

750  00 

33  47 

33  47 

16  40 

4  42 

.27 

183 

650  00 

29  71 

29  71 

18  50 

5  58 

.30 

182 

700  00 

38  87 

38  87 

17  00 

4  97 

.29 

195 

650  00 

28  70 

28  61 

20  30 

6  11 

.30 

184 

675  00 

31  01 

30  81 

18  50 

5  40 

.29 

184 

675  00 

31  96 

31  70 

19  00 

5  78 

.30 

190 

650  00 

32  66 

32  66 

18  50 

4  65 

.25 

184 

650  00 

48  03 

48  03 

18  60 

4  34 

.23 

189 

750  00 

34  63 

34  19 

18  80 

4  62 

.25 

194 

680  00 

30  70 

29  70 

19  50 

5  71 

.29 

186 

600  00 

27  90 

27  86 

19  80 

6  50 

.33 

180 

650  00 

24  08 

24  03 

20  00 

4  73 

.24 

185 

600  00 

29  83 

29  82 

22  40 

5  69 

.25 

182 

700  00 

28  30 

28  30 

19  00 

5  68 

.30 

195 

620  00 

34  45 

34  39 

16  80 

4  18 

.25 

187 

650  00 

28  95 

28  90 

19  50 

6  69 

.34 

191 

520  00 

23  54 

23  54 

18  40 

4  76 

.26 

195 

500  00 

32  02 

31  91 

21  00 

5  64 

.27 

184 

700  00 

30  26 

29  95 

18  80 

5  57 

.30 

190 

532  00 

30  06 

29  28 

16  50 

5  50 

.33 

193 

550  00 

36  34 

36  34 

15  20 

3  53 

.23 

200 

650  00 

31  57 

31  57 

19  40 

5  69 

.29 

183 

650  00 

22  21 

21  75 

19  80 

5  51 

.28 

181 

600  00 

24  23 

22  48 

17  50 

3  18 

.18 

181 

550  00 

25  86 

25  85 

21  70 

5  92 

.27 

187 

575  00 

51  07 

51  07 

12  50 

2  01 

.16 

196 

850  00 

30  04 

30  02 

22  00 

5  75 

.26 

186 

575  00 

34  91 

34  31 

19  50 

5  89 

.30 

185 

570  00 

31  36 

31  10 

16  50 

4  51 

.27 

189 

582  00 

30  63 

27  07 

16  70 

6  90 

.41 

185 

520  00 

28 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to   School 


'Or^ 

0 

s 

for 
blic 

1^ 

£aH 

■3" 

% 

It 

1 

III 

3  3-5 

Cj  ft'-' 

> 

H 

H 

Towns  oveb  5,000  Population 
-Con. 

1 

2 

3 

39 

Peabody 

$11,091,050 

$239,593 

$58,270  57 

40 

Hyde  Park 

14,638,575 

286,332 

68,455  82 

41 

Gardner 

8,245,905 

191,517 

52,464  10 

42 

Clinton 

8,439,912 

197,284 

55,725  24 

43 

Milford 

9,331,470 

166,400 

43,836  16 

44 

Adams 

6,204,433 

126,430 

48,630  84 

45 

Framingham 

11,962,940 

222,286 

63.631  22 

46 

Weymouth, 

7,929,074 

189,264 

57,674  36 

47 

Watertown, 

14,423,061 

269,671 

60,952  72 

48 

Southbridge 

5,972,897 

141,138 

31,158  91 

49 

Plymouth, 

11,275,792 

218,426 

53,655  87 

50 

Webster 

7,789,770 

83,717 

30,152  43 

51 

Methuen, 

7,198,034 

146,197 

41,643  13 

52 

Wakefield 

9,380,540 

198,401 

60,185  12 

53 

Arlington, 

11,887.267 

244,481 

69,784  00 

54 

Greenfield 

10,130,382 

184,778 

50,082  54 

55 

Winthrop, 

13,195,300 

246,050 

55,359  21 

56 

Amesbury 

6,247,477 

118,196 

29,007  80 

57 

Natick, 

8,221,600 

169,071 

52,734  04 

58 

North  Attleborough 

7,732,240 

160,394 

41,802  09 

59 

Danvers, 

6,470,425 

129,368 

44,005  43 

60 

Winchester 

12,758,750 

225,246 

60,170  82 

61 

Dedham, 

13,328,702 

233,825 

60,762  73 

62 

West  Springfield 

7,319,159 

121,560 

40,502  65 

63 

Northbridge 

4,594,600 

81,968 

34,025  10 

64 

Ware 

4,814,775 

81,458 

34,055  08 

65 

Palmer, 

4,364,687 

74,422 

34,950  30 

66 

Athol 

4,643,701 

99,910 

32,029  60 

67 

Easthampton, 

5,961,261 

120,558 

25,233  92 

68 

Middleborough, 

4,644,805 

101,250 

34,540  29 

69 

Braintree, 

6,265,880 

131,985 

44,777  57 

70 

Saugus, 

5,510,516 

125,342 

40,720  01 

71 

Norwood, 

14,033,280 

134,196 

47,953  32 

72 

Milton 

26,689,650 

321,660 

76,821  08 

73 

Bridgewater 

3,467,827 

63,637 

30,591  69 

74 

Marblehead, 

8,785,944 

197,540 

34,613  82 

75 

Andover 

6,737,207 

114,817 

38.363  94 

76 

Whitman, 

4,994,721 

119,346 

34.399  11 

77 

Stoneham, 

5,055,916 

109,192 

31.792  36 

78 

Rockland 

4,226,125 

100.683 

29,661  86 

79 

Montague 

4,222,955 

82,212 

34,415  69 

80 

Hudson 

3,843,615 

83,617 

27,747  08 

81 

Spencer 

3,535,697 

74,555 

23.858  21 

82 

Concord, 

7,319,263 

107.941 

41,537  09 

83 

Maynard, 

3,933,417 

67,000 

23,660  41 

84 

Stoughton, 

3,554,988 

83,042 

20,786  16 

85 

Swampscott, 

11,187,540 

170.995 

33,108  01 

86 

Great  Barrington 

6,030,715 

77,839 

31,635  74 

87 

Reading, 

5,896,884 

119,597 

35,507  75 

88 

Ipswich, 

4,785,508 

78,870 

22,378  11 

89 

Grafton, 

2,739,365 

54,714 

23,085  45 

90 

Winchendon 

4,184,305 

99,681 

32,141  52 

91 

Blackstone 

2,315,410 

46,287 

18,746  41 

92 

Franklin, 

3,938,655 

69,788 

25,719  99 

93 

Belmont, 

6,516,525 

125,388 

31,280  48 

29 


Support  in  the  Towns 

AND  Cities  of  Massachusetts — Continued. 

"2 

il 

§S  . 

g 

^h 

2o 

"o  ^ 

S    ""■ 

a.2 

g 

lii 

i 

n 

11= 

•2  Is 
SS3 

3  a 

111 

2 

.2* 

¥ 

M 

< 

CO 

M 

H 

o 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

$58,110  57 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

$11,091 

68,455  82 

- 

- 

- 

- 

14,638 

51,584  20 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,245 

55,725  24 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,439 

43.153  06 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,331 

47,562  41 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

6,204 

62,786  03 

- 

- 

- 

- 

11,962 

57,563  36 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7.929 

60,952  72 

- 

- 

- 

- 

14,423 

30,846  91 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5.972 

53,637  62 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

11,275 

30,152  43 

- 

- 

- 

— 

7,789 

38,891  56 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,198 

58,043  37 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,380 

67,300  23 

- 

- 

- 

- 

11,887 

49,372  36 

_ 

- 

_ 

_ 

10,130 

55,359  21 

- 

- 

— 

- 

13,195 

28,398  60 

- 

- 

— 

- 

6,247 

51,647  02 

- 

- 

_ 

_ 

8,221 

41,802  09 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,732 

42,407  43 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

6,470 

59,583  37 

- 

- 

- 

- 

12,758 

58,240  51 

- 

- 

- 

- 

13,328 

37,731  14 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7.319 

33,949  10 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,594 

33,665  81 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

4,814 

34,155  08 

~ 

_ 

_ 

4.364 

30,169  61 

- 

- 

_ 

_ 

4,643 

23,837  98 

- 

- 

- 

_ 

5.961 

31,986  67 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,644 

43,377  54 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

6,265 

39,982  59 

- 

- 

_ 

_ 

5,510 

47,746  82 

- 

- 

- 

_ 

14,033 

76,821  08 

- 

- 

_ 

_ 

26,689 

21,951  05 

- 

- 

$625  00 

$625  00 

3,467 

34,613  82 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

8,785 

34,490  03 

- 

- 

- 

_ 

6,737 

33,373  61 

- 

_ 

_ 

_ 

4,994 

31,473  21 

- 

_ 

_ 

_ 

5,055 

29,276  60 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4.226 

33,354  89 

_ 

_ 

_ 

^ 

4,222 

27,184  08 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

3,843 

23,393  35 

- 

_ 

_ 

_ 

3,535 

34,354  57 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

7,319 

23,660  41 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,933 

20,606  16 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

3,554 

33,108  01 

- 

_ 

_ 

_ 

11,187 

30.317  74 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

6,030 

33,151  40 

- 

- 

_ 

_ 

5,896 

20,120  90 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,785 

22,137  95 

_ 

_ 

937  50 

937  50 

2,739 

24,377  04 

- 

_ 

4,184 

17,620  19 

Sl,126  22 

_ 

_ 

1,126~22 

2,315 

24,907  08 

_ 

_ 

_ 

3,938 

31.064  87 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,516 

30 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


=3  >>  1 

6  "^2 

iT3.2 

Oj 

CI  S 

§5>. 

S  1 

s  ©^ 

52 

w  1 

Sw 

u  Ss 

c|1 

a  ^ 

•32 

II 

Hi 

^ 

m 

<1 

t> 

Towns  over  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 

10 

11 

12 

13 

39 

Peabody 

$17,019  63 

$14,142  00 

2,109 

$5,258  00 

40 

Hyde  Park 

14,485  65 

- 

1.795 

8,155  00 

41 

Gardner 

14,114  43 

16,492  00 

1.749 

4,714  00 

42 

Clinton, 

15,462  12 

21.033  00 

1,916 

4,404  00 

43 

Milford 

15,292  65 

- 

1,895 

4,924  00 

44 

Adams, 

13,936  89 

25.971  00 

1,727 

3,592  00 

45 

Framingham 

17,156  82 

10,348  00 

2.126 

5,626  00 

46 

Weymouth, 

17,406  99 

31,536  00 

2.157 

3,675  00 

47 

Watertown 

13,291  29 

- 

1.647 

8,757  00 

48 

Southbridge 

9,336  99 

8,321  00 

1.157 

5,162  00 

49 

Plymouth 

16,357  89 

_ 

2.027 

5,562  00 

60 

Webster 

6,794  94 

- 

842 

9,251  00 

51 

Methuen, 

13.694  79 

20,011  00 

1.697 

4,241  00 

52 

Wakefield 

17,762  07 

25,733  00 

2.201 

4,261  00 

53 

Arlington, 

15,671  94 

4,651  00 

1,942 

6.121  00 

54 

Greenfield 

13,654  44 

_ 

1,692 

5,987  00 

55 

Winthrop, 

13,242  87 

- 

1,641 

8,041  00 

56 

Amesbury, 

7,037  04 

- 

872 

7,164  00 

57 

Natick 

14.001  45 

16,150  00 

1,735 

4,742  00 

58 

North  Attleborough,       .... 

10.644  33 

4,867  00 

1,319 

5,862  00 

59 

Danvers, 

11.983  95 

16,655  00 

1,485 

4,357  00 

60 

Winchester, 

13,299  36 

1,648 

7,741  00 

61 

Dedham 

13,468  83 

- 

1,669 

7,986  00 

62 

West  Springfield 

13,468  83 

18,482  00 

1,669 

4,385  00 

63 

Northbridge, 

11,572  38 

24,352  00 

1,434 

3,204  00 

64 

Ware 

8,957  70 

12,560  00 

1,110 

4,337  00 

65 

Palmer, 

9.627  51 

17,549  00 

1.193 

3,658  00 

66 

Athol 

9,643  65 

16.220  00 

1,195 

3,885  00 

67 

Easthampton, 

Middleborough 

8,344  38 

- 

1,034 

5,765  00 

68 

10,378  02 

19,218  00 

1,286 

3,627  00 

69 

Braintree, 

11,491  68 

15,667  00 

1,424 

4,400  00 

70 

Saugus, 

12,217  98 

22,412  00 

1,514 

3,639  00 

71 

Norwood 

13.113  75 

— 

1,625 

8,635  00 

72 

Milton, 

6,899  85 

- 

855 

31,215  00 

73 

Bridgewater 

6,593  19 

9,626  00 

817 

4,244  00 

74 

Marblehead, 

9,546  81 

_ 

1,183 

7,426  00 

75 

Andover, 

9,409  62 

4,793  00 

1,166 

5,778  00 

76 

Whitman, 

10,119  78 

16,412  00 

1,254 

3,983  00 

77 

Stoneham, 

9,159  45 

12,180  00 

1,135 

4,454  00 

78 

Rockland 

9,094  89 

16,061  00 

1,127 

3,749  00 

79 

Montague 

9.167  52 

16,378  00 

1,136 

3,717  00 

80 

Hudson, 

8,731  74 

16,491  00 

1.082 

3.552  00 

81 

Spencer, 

6,464  07 

8,658  00 

801 

4,414  00 

82 

Concord 

8.142  63 

_ 

1,009 

4,013  00 

83 

Maynard 

6,577  05 

7,230  00 

815 

4.826  00 

84 

Stoughton,       

6,811  08 

10,082  00 

844 

4,212  00 

85 

Swampscott, 

6.157  41 

- 

763 

14,662  00 

86 

Great  Barrington 

8.110  35 

3,015  00 

1,005 

6,000  00 

87 

Reading, 

9.422  76 

9,064  00 

1,168 

5.048  00 

88 

Ipswich 

6,157  41 

- 

763 

6.271  00 

89 

Grafton 

6.722  31 

13,794  00 

833 

3.288  00 

90 

Winchendon,  

8,005  44 

11,816  00 

992 

4.218  00 

91 

Blackstone, 

9.353  13 

26,672  00 

1,159 

1.997  00 

92 

Franklin, 

7,787  55 

12,155  00 

965 

4.081  00 

93 

Belmont 

6,843  36 

848 

7.684  00 

31 


Support  in  the  Towns  and 

Cities  of  Massachusetts  — 

Continued. 

»§i=i 

1   S  a  So- 

s§ 

3 

c3 

M 

lilf 

port     p 

averai 

ip    fro 

>i  1909-1 

d 

OS 

1 

1 

School     sup] 
unit     of 
membershi 
sources  (19( 

sup; 
t    of 
bershi 
taxfo 

i 

s 

ft 

k 

S-2 
lb 

_,   03 

School 
u  n  i 
mem 
local 

1 

^ 

p 

^1 

1^ 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

J26  35 

$26  28 

J20  80 

$5  24 

.25 

196 

$550  00 

40  11 

40  09 

19  00 

4  68 

.25 

181 

600  00 

29  20 

29  14 

22  20 

6  26 

.28 

178 

475  00 

27  45 

27  45 

22  60 

6  60 

.29 

186 

551  00 

21  87 

21  87 

17  00 

'  4  62 

.27 

184 

500  00 

26  08 

26  08 

19  50 

7  67 

.39 

185 

500  00 

29  72 

29  30 

18  00 

5  25 

.29 

181 

600  00 

26  53 

26  53 

23  00 

7  26 

.32 

188 

550  00 

35  55 

35  55 

18  20 

4  23 

.23 

182 

650  00 

23  05 

22  70 

22  40 

5  16 

.23 

194 

480  00 

25  20 

25  19 

18  80 

4  76 

.25 

194 

575  00 

34  92 

33  85 

10  00 

3  87 

.39 

191 

460  00 

23  74 

22  77 

19  50 

5  40 

.28 

179 

500  00 

24  65 

23  67 

20  50 

6  19 

.30 

174 

525  00 

33  53 

33  03 

20  10 

5  66 

.28 

190 

675  00 

27  65 

27  20 

17  60 

4  87 

.28 

190 

500  00 

34  14 

34  14 

18  20 

4  20 

.23 

189 

650  00 

31  57 

31  57 

18  00 

4  55 

.25 

183 

462  00 

31  40 

31  40 

19  80 

6  28 

.32 

183 

600  00 

29  15 

29  15 

20  00 

5  41 

.27 

182 

550  00 

28  79 

28  05 

19  20 

6  55 

.34 

181 

625  00 

33  21 

32  76 

17  30 

4  67 

.27 

190 

675  00 

34  86 

33  54 

17  20 

4  37 

.25 

190 

650  00 

23  13 

21  65 

16  00 

5  16 

.32 

187 

475  00 

23  36 

23  26 

16  60 

7  39 

.45 

190 

462  00 

29  77 

29  65 

16  00 

6  99 

.44 

184 

600  00 

24  14 

23  57 

16  00 

7  83 

.49 

185 

440  00 

25  92 

24  96 

20  50 

6  50 

.32 

186 

418  00 

23  98 

22  81 

19  50 

4  00 

.21 

180 

414  00 

25  64 

24  51 

20  80 

6  89 

.33 

186 

418  00 

28  44 

27  90 

20  40 

6  92 

.34 

188 

500  00 

23  98 

23  59 

22  00 

7  26 

.33 

185 

500  00 

27  41 

27  24 

9  20 

3  40 

.37 

184 

600  00 

62  01 

52  01 

11  90 

2  88 

.24 

183 

700  00 

38  42 

28  93 

17  50 

6  33 

.36 

182 

380  00 

27  37 

27  37 

22  00 

3  94 

.18 

182 

559  00 

32  69 

29  56 

16  50 

5  12 

.31 

186 

525  00 

25  12 

24  28 

23  00 

6  68 

.29 

191 

600  00 

27  70 

27  46 

20  70 

6  23 

.30 

188 

500  00 

25  08 

24  82 

22  80 

6  93 

.30 

188 

600  00 

30  01 

28  33 

18  60 

7  90 

.42 

181 

478  00 

24  76 

24  29 

20  70 

7  07 

.34 

184 

500  00 

30  20 

29  65 

20  00 

6  61 

.33 

185 

475  00 

41  26 

33  92 

14  30 

4  69 

.33 

188 

615  00 

29  45 

29  45 

16  00 

6  02 

.38 

173 

575  00 

24  48 

23  65 

22  20 

5  80 

.26 

174 

463  00 

43  46 

43  46 

15  00 

2  96 

.20 

190 

615  00 

29  99 

28  67 

12  30 

5  03 

.41 

183 

456  00 

31  29 

29  54 

19  70 

5  62 

.29 

162 

500  00 

22  32 

21  41 

16  00 

4  20 

.26 

189 

420  00 

27  88 

26  73 

19  00 

8  08 

.43 

174 

387  00 

30  60 

22  04 

23  00 

5  83 

.25 

165 

475  00 

17  24 

16  33 

18  80 

7  61 

.40 

200 

390  00 

27  16 

26  14 

17  00 

6  32 

.37 

182 

469  00 

35  87 

35  52 

18  80 

4  77 

.25 

182 

600  00 

32 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


o 

m 

< 

1 

3 

o 

> 

H 

Il5 

sal 

O    to    00 


97 


100 
101 
102 
103 

104 


105 
106 
107 
108 
109 

110 
111 
112 
113 
114 

115 
116 
117 
118 
119 


121 
122 
123 
124 

125 
126 
127 
128 
129 

130 
131 
132 
133 
134 

135 
136 
137 
138 
139 

140 
141 
142 
143 
144 


Towns  over  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 
North  Andover, 
Abington, 
West  bore  ugh, 
Wellesley, 
Orange,     . 

Mansfield, 
Easton,     . 
Fairhaven, 
Amherst, 
Need  ham, 

Chelmsford, 


Towns  under  5,000  Population. 

Hingham, 

Ludlow, 

Lexington, 

South  Hadley,         .... 
Walpole 

Canton 

Monson, 

Millbury, 

Barnstable, 

Uxbridge, * 

Dartmouth, 

Provincetown,  .... 

Randolph, 

Dudley, 

Rockport, 

Warren, 

Lee, 

Wareham, 

Foxborough, 

Templeton 


Tewksbury, 
Williamstown, 
Dalton,     . 
Hardwick, 
Agawam, 


Medfield, 
Dracut,     . 
East  Bridgewater, 
Oxford,     . 
Leicester, 


Falmouth, 
Sutton,     . 
North  Brookfield, 
Lenox, 
Nantucket, 


Barre, 

Pepperell, 

Westport, 

Westford, 

Holbrook, 


14,937,732 
3,052,120 
3,244,158 

15,105,766 
3,704,710 

4,279,189 
5,769,731 
3,338,358 
3,877,639 
6,105,316 

4,419,940 


7,881,510 
3,989,672 
7,826,980 
2,900,057 
5,402,570 

4,541.955 

1,888,815 
2,354,356 
6,140,270 
2,993,290 

4,553,725 
2,158,146 
2,307,400 
1,881,930 
3,426,665 

1,903,759 
2,209,633 
5,063,895 
2,414,965 
1,622,167 

1,467,341 
3,592,401 
4,186,172 
1,910,260 
1,968,680 

1,598,192 
2,471,131 
2,087,387 
1,966,325 
2,456,551 

8,751,671 
1,318,036 
1,652,393 
6,726,052 
3,528,780 

2,050,496 
2,254,705 
1,820,050 
1,932,232 
1,476,108 


$99,105 
74,466 
61,183 

184,057 
73,724 

74,830 
61,342 
72,099 
70,622 
112,671 

68,899 


103,233 
79,619 

147,779 
58,949 
83,804 


34,347 
41,286 
85,110 
51,855 

67,657 
51,549 
53,589 
29,746 
64,101 

39,094 
52,487 
83,684 
54,767 
35,542 

22,710 
71,993 
59,967 
25,686 
33,396 

23,876 
47,216 
40,367 
36,964 
49,708 

91,142 
23,117 
28,062 
102,871 
61,691 

32,639 
42,963 
38,105 
32,319 
31,114 


827,272  26 
28,997  02 
17,993  68 
43,809  43 
27,592  18 

23,248  02 
30,975  56 
42,022  09 
21,946  04 
34,109  36 

25,490  63 


30,870  00 
26,484  80 
34,559  73 
23,803  45 
28,254  37 

21,824  87 
16,412  01 
19,323  66 
31,814  68 
20,001  84 

23,964  85 
16,470  69 
17,055  13 
12,992  04 
17,151  23 

17,019  76 
16,577  17 
21,412  73 
15,527  55 
12,507  31 

9,279  93 

20,870  78 

19,093  14 

14,651  88 

10,686  10 

8,217  89 
19,052  30 
14,504  09 
16,267  40 
16,960  23 

25,856  36 
10,187  04 
11,168  24 
29,309  02 
11,660  34 

15,465  64 
17,221  11 
11,434  65 
14,923  60 
11.923  74 


33 


Support  in  the  Towns  and  Cities  op  Massachusetts  —  Continued. 


II 

i1 

2lS 

-as . 

III 

i 

2 
g 

ll 

1  ' 

< 

02 

cc 

H 

o 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

$27,260  47 

_ 

~ 

- 

- 

$4,937 

28,028  52 

_ 

$625  00 

$625  00 

3,052 

17,746  81 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,244 

43,809  43 

-■ 

- 

- 

- 

15,105 

27,592  18 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3.704 

21,944  09 

_ 

_ 

- 

- 

4,279 

23,766  75 

- 

— 

- 

- 

5,769 

19,537  50 

- 

- 

833  34 

833  34 

3,338 

19,873  94 

- 

- 

— 

- 

3,877 

33,198  61 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,105 

25.269  86 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,419 

28,647  30 

_ 

. 

7,881 

25,375  29 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,989 

34.559  73 

- 

- 

- 

_ 

7,826 

22,655  66 

- 

- 

937  50 

937  60 

2,900 

27,574  61 

- 

- 

- 

" 

6;402 

21,596  87 

_ 

_ 

_ 

- 

4,541 

13,721  79 

$1,201  22 

- 

875  00 

2,076  22 

1,888 

17,841  90 

•  863  41 

- 

750  00 

1,613  41 

2,354 

28,322  03 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,140 

17,604  80 

_ 

- 

750  00 

750  00 

2,993 

23,258  05 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

4,553 

14,620  66 

863  41 

- 

871  22 

1,734  63 

2,158 

14,808  42 

863  41 

- 

500  00 

1,363  41 

2,307 

11,278  65 

1,201  22 

- 

416  67 

1,617  89 

1,881 

17,151  23 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,426 

14,401  13 

1,201  21 

_ 

1,000  00 

2,201  21 

1.903 

14,672  18 

863  41 

- 

600  00 

1,463  41 

2,209 

21,253  23 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5,063 

13,787  20 

863  41 

- 

625  00 

1,488  41 

2,414 

10,852  89 

938  42 

- 

625  00 

1,563  42 

1,622 

6,435  16 

1,201  21 

$950  00 

250  00 

2,401  21 

1,467 

20,227  07 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,592 

18,972  14 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,186 

12,814  28 

938  41 

- 

500  00 

1,438  41 

1,910 

9,277  68 

1,201  22 

- 

493  42 

1,694  64 

1.968 

6,178  30 

938  41 

500  00 

312  50 

1,750  91 

1.598 

17,075  30 

1,126  22 

- 

500  00 

1,626  22 

2,471 

12,817  16 

863  41 

- 

583  34 

1,446  75 

2,087 

14,227  06 

1,201  21 

- 

500  00 

1,701  21 

1,966 

15,361  23 

863  41 

- 

625  00 

1,488  41 

2,456 

25,340  64 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

8,751 

8,303  19 

1,201  21 

- 

625  00 

1,826  21 

1,318 

9,279  09 

938  41 

- 

625  00 

1,563  41 

1,652 

28,809  02 

- 

— 

- 

- 

6,726 

11,660  34 

- 

- 

- 

3,528 

13,326  84 

1,201  22 

_ 

500  00 

1,701  22 

2,050 

15,407  90 

1,126  21 

- 

625  00 

1,751  21 

2,254 

9,955  88 

938  42 

- 

500  00 

1,438  42 

1,820 

13,097  39 

1,201  21 

_ 

531  25 

1,732  46 

1.932 

10,515  22 

938  41 

~ 

416  67 

1,355  08 

1,476 

34 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


a! 

|i 


21 


d) 

OS   rt 

g    QQ 


"5  a 

O  MC- 

pa 


99 
100 
101 
102 
103 

104 


105 
106 
107 
108 
109 

110 
111 
112 
113 
114 

115 
116 
117 
118 
119 

120 
121 
122 
123 
124 

125 
126 
127 
128 
129 

130 
131 
132 
133 
134 

135 
136 
137 
138 
139 

140 
141 
142 
143 
144 


Towns  over  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 
North  Andover, 
Abington, 
Westborough, 
Wellesley, 
Orange,    . 

Mansfield, 
Easton,    . 
Fairhaven, 
Amherst, 
Needham, 

Chelmsford, 


Towns  under  5,000  Population. 

Hingham 

Ludlow, 

Lexington, 

South  Hadley 

Walpole 


Canton,  . 
Monson,  . 
Millbury, 
Barnstable, 
Uxbridge, 


Dartmouth,     . 
Provincetown, 
Randolph, 
Dudley,  . 
Rockport, 


Warren,   . 

Lee, 

Wareham, 

Foxborough, 

Templeton, 


Tewksbury, 
Williamstown, 
Dalton,    . 
Hardwick, 
Agawam, 


Medfield, 
Dracut,    . 
East  Bridgewater, 
Oxford,    . 
Leicester, 


Falmouth, 

Sutton,    . 

North  Brookfield, 

Lenox, 

Nantucket, 


Barre, 
Pepperell, 
West  port, 
Westford, 
Holbrook, 


10 

S6,924  06 
7,448  61 
5,761  98 
7,384  05 
8,061  93 

6,722  31 
8,070  00 
6,770  73 
7,117  74 
15,671  94 

6,544  74 


7,101  60 
6,020  22 
6,657  75 
7,133  88 


4,769  37 
5,285  85 
6,092  85 
6,068  64 
6,6j0  03 


5.519  88 
7,658  43 
6,697  42 
3,123  09 
6,472  14 

4,704  81 
4,954  98 
5,229  36 
4,640  25 
4,833  93 

1,597  86 
6,343  02 
5,604  79 
3,002  04 
3,583  08 


2,146  62 
4,341  66 
4,527  27 
4,511  13 
5,197  08 

4,591  83 
3,575  01 
3,018  18 
5,092  17 
3,550  80 

3,236  07 
4,398  15 
3,502  38 
3,316  77 
4,051  14 


11 

$3,629  00 
15,199  00 
7,342  00 

14,447  00 

6,094  00 

10,997  00 

9,721  00 

33,561  00 

4,668  00 


4,673  00 


14,672  00 
1,568  00 


12,175  00 
13,145  00 


12,392  00 


20,527  00 
11,763  00 
3,366  00 
9,336  00 

9,724  00 
9,217  00 

6,905  00 
11,657  00 


7,978  00 
2,726  00 


5,399  00 
8,078  00 
8,617  00 
8,792  00 


8,029  00 
4,082  00 


2,983  00 
6,715  00 
5,222  00 
3,903  00 
9,186  00 


12 


858 
923 
714 
915 


833 
1.000 


1,942 
811 


746 
825 

884 


591 
655 
755 
752 

829 

684 
949 
706 
387 
802 

583 
614 
648 
575 
599 


786 
697 
372 
444 

266 
538 
561 
559 
644 

569 
443 
374 
631 
440 

401 
545 
434 
411 
502 


13 

$5,755  00 
3,306  00 
4,543  00 

16,509  00 
3,708  00 

5,137  00 
5,769  00 
3,978  00 
4,396  00 
3,143  00 

5,449  00 


8,956  00 
5,348  00 
9,487  00 
3,280  00 
6,238  00 

7,685  00 
2,883  00 
3,118  00 
8,165  00 
3,610  00 

6,657  00 
2,274  00 
3,268  00 
4,862  00 
4,272  00 

3,264  00 
3,598  00 
7,814  00 
4,199  00 
2,708  00 

7,410  00 
4,570  00 
6,292  00 

5.135  00 
4,433  00 

6,008  00 
4,593  00 
3,720  00 
3,517  00 
3,814  00 

15,380  00 
2,977  00 
4,418  00 

10,659  00 
8,019  00 

5,113  00 

4.136  00 
4,193  00 
4,701  00 
2,940  00 


I 


35 


Support  in  the  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts  —  Continued. 


port     per 

average 

ip      from 

(1909-10). 

port     per 

average 

ip    from 

)r  1909-10. 

o 

11 

11 

2 

1 
1 

1 

^1 

o.'*sJi  m 

:hool     sup 
unit     of 
membersh 
local  tax  fc 

u 

J 

w 

ihool     su 
unit     c 
members 
all  source 

a 

1 

•II 

11 

m 

m                1 

H 

rt 

§ 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

$30  84 

$30  77 

$19  50 

$5  52 

.28 

186 

$500  00 

30  37 

29  13 

23  30 

9  18 

.39 

185 

600  00 

25  41 

25  11 

18  10 

5  47 

.30 

174 

500  00 

46  39 

46  39 

12  00 

2  90 

.24 

181 

600  00 

26  82 

26  82 

19  00 

7  45 

.39 

178 

396  00 

27  67 

26  97 

16  80 

5  13 

.31 

190 

465  00 

31  33 

23  89 

10  10 

4  12 

.41 

188 

525  00 

48  15 

24  17 

20  80 

5  85 

.28 

192 

500  00 

24  09 

21  15 

17  50 

5  13 

.29 

186 

450  00 

33  53 

33  03 

18  00 

5  44 

.30 

192 

512  00 

29  68 

28  16 

15  00 

5  71 

.38 

187 

475  00 

31  96 

30  20 

12  80 

3  63 

.28 

200 

550  00 

33  05 

30  87 

19  40 

6  36 

.33 

191 

480  00 

42  31 

41  96 

18  50 

4  42 

.24 

184 

600  00 

25  59  . 

24  28 

19  50 

7  81 

.40 

183 

437  00 

32  35 

32  09 

15  00 

6  10 

.34 

192 

550  00 

34  83 

34  48 

19  00 

4  76 

.25 

200 

550  00 

25  83 

21  88 

17  00 

7  26 

.43 

183 

410  00 

24  20 

22  13 

16  50 

7  58 

.46 

175 

389  00 

41  70 

37  56 

13  50 

4  61 

.34 

178 

495  00 

23  09 

20  50 

16  50 

5  88 

.36 

175 

378  00 

31  57 

30  49 

14  40 

5  11 

.35 

175 

450  00 

18  67 

16  58 

22  70 

6  77 

.30 

185 

375  00 

24  35 

22  17 

22  30 

6  42 

.29 

184 

466  00 

30  61 

27  13 

14  80 

5  99 

.40 

177 

380  00 

21  23 

21  23 

18  00 

5  01 

.28 

184 

413  00 

30  41 

25  01 

19  30 

7  56 

.39 

176 

400  00 

26  27 

23  34 

22  59 

6  64 

.29 

182 

437  00 

31  12 

,   29  31 

16  00 

4  20 

.26 

176 

414  00 

26  79 

23  84 

21  90 

5  71 

.26 

180 

432  00 

20  40 

17  24 

20  50 

6  69 

.33 

171 

360  00 

42  66 

30  67 

14  80 

4  39 

.30 

194 

480  00 

27  23 

26  70 

19  50 

5  63 

.29 

175 

418  00 

28  53 

26  99 

13  90 

4  53 

.33 

187 

475  00 

38  06 

33  23 

12  50 

6  71 

.54 

176 

418  00 

26  26 

23  06 

16  00 

4  71 

.29 

184 

444  00 

29  94 

22  09 

14  30 

3  87 

.27 

193 

450  00 

33  19 

30  06 

18  40 

6  91 

.38 

190 

480  00 

25  49 

21  34 

18  40 

6  14 

.33 

174 

396  00 

28  95 

25  58 

17  90 

7  24 

.40 

176 

414  00 

28  93 

22  94 

19  50 

6  25 

.32 

176 

432  00 

41  60 

40  69 

10  20 

2  90 

.28 

176 

486  00 

22  95 

18  81 

16  50 

6  30 

.38 

168 

324  00 

28  74 

23  76 

16  00 

5  62 

.35 

182 

432  00 

31  56 

30  77 

15  00 

4  28 

.29 

178 

520  00 

25  54 

25  54 

17  00 

3  30 

.19 

176 

400  00 

34  17 

29  20 

15  00 

6  50 

.43 

182 

436  00 

27  22 

24  79 

18  20 

6  83 

.38 

184 

418  00 

24  68 

21  34 

20  00 

5  47 

.27 

174 

360  00 

33  07 

28  73 

16  00 

6  78 

.42 

181 

396  00 

22  49 

19  45 

20  00 

7  12 

.36 

183 

428  00 

Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


r" 

o 

' 

"H 

2aH 

•s 

ft 

-goS 

fl^ 

< 

Ih 

i 

|S8 

> 

H 

H 

Towns  under  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 

1 

2 

3 

145 

Somerset, 

$1,449,166 

$23,198 

$8,211  52 

146 

Ayer, 

2,178,250 

39,269 

11.926  52 

147 

Billerica 

2,510,865 

42.905 

12.727  77 

148 

Holliston 

1,645,179 

31.191 

10,800  25 

149 

Medway, 

1,487,795 

32,831 

11,271  95 

150 

Manchester 

15,238,265 

129,642 

23,815  40 

151 

Cohasset,          .        .        .        ,        . 

8,901,725 

90,491 

19,378  62 

152 

Norton, 

1,303,500 

25.432 

11.270  87 

153 

Scituate 

4.657,690 

79.682 

18,047  75 

154 

Bourne, ■      . 

4,890,375 

67,713 

15,920  67 

155 

Lancaster, 

4,390,832 

45,094 

15.599  55 

156 

Hopkinton, 

1,559,215 

37,334 

13,431  98 

157 

Kingston, 

1,615,840 

25,565 

12,847  14 

158 

Auburn, 

1,308,000 

22,701 

9,604  74 

159 

Seekonk 

1,365,165 

19,958 

6,875  85 

160 

Wilbraham, 

1,128,985 

13,530 

9,541  46 

161 

Hanover, 

1,514,440 

29,171 

10,233  17 

162 

SharoTi, 

2,785,025 

61,082 

12,852  75 

163 

Groveland,       .        .      "  . 

1,163,476 

26,802 

10,591  91 

164 

Dighton, 

1,155,196 

17,218 

9.180  83 

165 

West  Bridgewater 

1,342,167 

18,148 

9,519  99 

166 

Deerfield 

1,883,975 

24,350 

10,318  97 

167 

Wayland 

2,840,162 

39,862 

15,643  76 
1 1,089  59 

168 

Brookfield. 

1,291,803 

26,672 

169 

Merrimac 

1,327,514 

31,595 

10,744  37 

170 

Hopedale, 

5,927,840 

38,550 

14,228  50 

171 

Groton, 

3,963,406 

40,840 

12,260  17 

172 

Douglas 

1,274,876 

19,835 

8,033  53 

173 

Holden 

1,645,039 

26,929 

11,815  92 

174 

Shirley 

1.196,126 

20,784 

7,618  88 

175 

Acton, 

2,206,625 

28,841 

12,862  85 

176 

Williamsburg, 

994,319 

19,065 

9,369  97 

177 

Harwich, 

Ashburnham, 

1,381,945 

25,355 

8,989  34 

178 

1,026,869 

24,138 

8,308  97 

179 

Weston, 

6,924,245 

78.701 

21,027  76 

180 

Hull, 

7,018,860 

107.879 

12,238  75 

181 

Upton, 

1,125,681 

23.619 

8,845  19 

182 

Belchertown 

931,590 

17.123 

8.298  45 

183 

Charlton, 

1,340,151 

18,220 

8,679  90 

184 

Avon, 

971,975 

21,170 

9,059  82 

185 

Rehoboth 

923,006 

17.184 

7,600  20 

186 

Hadley 

Hatfield, 

1.459,807 

22,736 

11,666  97 

187 

1,527,903 

23,272 

6,310  87 

188 

Swansea, 

1,687,130 

23,628 

8,637  11 

189 

Georgetown 

1.037,145 

20,736 

8.042  98 

190 

Sturbridge, 

1,099,080 

19,796 

8,964  88 

191 

Shrewsbury, 

1,744,303 

28,347 

9.843  79 

192 

Stockbridge, 

4,065,945 

60,004 

16,115  82 

193 

Dennis, 

1,306,805 

23,345 

8.179  95 

194 

Wilmington 

1,522,801 

24,875 

11,722  88 

195 

Hanson, . 

1,255,095 

24,595 

7,033  45 

196 

Sheffield 

958,615 

17.701 

8,583  36 

197 

Townsend, 

1,325,830 

21,752 

9,892  64 

198 

Hamilton 

4,014,048 

40,311 

11,828  18 

199 

Southborough, 

1,949,283 

21,536 

13,826  35 

■ 


37 


Support  in 

THE  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachuseits  - 

-  Continued. 

si 

855 

^1 

is 

1 

1 
11= 

lis 

OQ  a 

-m 

lis 

42 
.2* 

ll 

1^ 

ill 

M 

< 

CQ 

O! 

H 

o 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

$6,794  86 

$938  42 

_ 

$416  66 

$1,355  08 

$1,449 

10,762  61 

863  41 

- 

500  00 

1,363  41 

2,178 

11,226  47 

863  41 

_ 

500  00 

1,363  41 

2.510 

9.047  40 

938  41 

- 

500  00 

1,438  41 

1.646 

9,112  39 

938  41 

- 

600  00 

1,438  41 

1,487 

23,815  40 

_ 

_ 

_ 

- 

16,238 

19,338  22 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,901 

9,473  82 

1,201  21 

- 

375  00 

1,676  21 

1,303 

17,950  75 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,667 

15,268  67 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,890 

15,599  55 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

4,390 

10,932  26 

1,201  22 

- 

750  00 

1,951  22 

1,559 

10,866  34 

1,201  22 

- 

600  00 

1,701  22 

1,616 

7,813  87 

938  41 

$652  50 

625  00 

2,216  91 

1,308 

4,866  80 

938  41 

255  00 

416  67 

1,610  08 

1,366 

6,581  72 

1,201  21 

387  60 

454  54 

2,043  26 

1,128 

8,766  15 

938  41 

416  67 

1,365  08 

1.614 

11,594  36 

- 

500  00 

260  00 

760  00 

2.786 

9,045  58 

1,201  22 

600  00 

1,701  22 

1,163 

7,551  02 

1,201  22 

- 

500  00 

1,701  22 

1.166 

7,919  10 

1,201  21 

20  00 

416  66 

1,637  87 

1.342 

8,610  37 

1,201  22 

- 

609  63 

1,710  85 

1.883 

13,029  30 

863  42 

- 

676  00 

1,538  42 

2.840 

9,161  29 

1,201  22 

- 

625  00 

1,826  22 

1,291 

8,832  58 

780  73 

- 

500  00 

1,280  73 

1,327 

14,181  00 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

5.927 

11,999  67 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,963 

5,913  56 

938  41 

500  oq 

600  00 

1,938  41 

1,274 

9,911  70 

1,201  22 

_ 

625  00 

1,826  22 

1,646 

5,999  59 

938  41 

500  00 

250  00 

1.688  41 

1,196 

11,286  63 

1,201  22 

_ 

343  75 

1,544  97 

2.206 

6,411  88 

1,088  42 

175  00 

625  00 

1,888  42 

994 

7,253  13 

938  41 

- 

535  72 

1,474  13 

1,381 

6,846  70 

1,038  41 

- 

416  67 

1,455  08 

1,026 

21,027  76 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,924 

12,238  75 

_ 

« 

_ 

_ 

7,018 

6,878  77 

938  42 

- 

312  60 

1,250  92 

1.126 

5,554  79 

1,088  41 

- 

900  00 

1,988  41 

931 

6,261  05 

1,201  22 

500  00 

626  00 

2,326  22 

1.340 

6,506  74 

1,088  41 

500  00 

333  33 

1,921  74 

971 

4,871  90 

1,351  21 

371  85 

500  00 

2.223  06 

923 

6,695  91 

938  41 

500  00 

555  55 

1,993  96 

1,459 

5,067  18 

780  73 

- 

462  97 

1,243  70 

1,527 

6,229  72 

938  42 

723  75 

416  67 

2.078  84 

1,587 

6,356  48 

938  41 

- 

375  00 

1,313  41 

1,037 

7,376  46 

938  42 

70  00 

500  00 

1.508  42 

1,099 

7,658  73 

1,201  21 

500  00 

357  15 

2.058  36 

1.744 

16,115  82 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4.065 

6,671  59 

938  41 

- 

625  CO 

1,563  41 

1,306 

9,129  09 

1,201  21 

500  00 

333  34 

2,034  55 

1,522 

5,385  43 

780  73 

387  00 

416  67 

1,584  40 

1,255 

6,267  95 

1,088  41 

500  00 

650  00 

2,238  41 

958 

7,713  87 

938  42 

- 

625  00 

1,563  42 

1,326 

11.828  18 

- 

- 

- 

4,014 

11,330  16 

1,201  21 

500  00 

357  15 

2,058  36 

1,949 

38 


I 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Pkincipal  Facts  relative  to  School 


n 

t-H 

1! 

:i 

s-S^ 

c3 

ss 

g3>. 

d1  I 

^8 

3  «^ 

^  1 

^1 

s-s 

^^1 

«.2^ 

^^ 

fl    ©  C5 

9     a 

lis 

■32 

it 

11 

Hi 

Ah 

OQ 

< 

> 

Towns  under  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 

10 

11 

12 

13 

145 

Somerset 

$3,917  81 

- 

483 

$3,000  00 

146 

Ayer 

3,647  64 

- 

452 

4,819  00 

147 

Billerica 

3,647  64 

- 

452 

5,555  00 

148 

HoUiston, 

3,784  83 

$7,252  00 

489 

3,507  00 

149 

Medway, 

3,760  62 

7,943  00 

466 

3,192  00 

150 

Manchester 

3,905  88 

_ 

484 

3,148  00 

151 

Cohasset 

3,494  31 

- 

433 

20,558  00 

152 

Norton 

2,598  54 

4,111  00 

322 

4,048  00 

153 

Scituate 

3,776  76 

- 

468 

9,952  00 

154 

Bourne, 

2,638  89 

- 

327 

14,955  00 

155 

Lancaster, 

2,396  79 

_ 

297 

14,783  00 

156 

Hopkinton, 

3,542  73 

6,692  00 

439 

3,551  00 

157 

Kingston 

3,381  33 

5,752  00 

419 

3,856  00 

158 

Auburn, 

3,244  14 

6,726  00 

402 

3,253  00 

159 

Seekonk,          

2,695  38 

334 

4,087  00 

160 

Wilbraham,      .        .         .        . 

1,791  54 

1,686  00 

222 

8,085  00 

161 

Hanover, 

3,106  95 

5,135  00 

385 

3,933  00 

162 

Sharon, 

2,921  34 

_ 

362 

7,693  00 

163 

Groveland 

3,445  89 

8,276  00 

427 

2,724  00 

164 

Dighton 

2,590  47 

4,818  00 

321 

3,598  00 

165 

West  Bridgewater, 

2,977  83 

5,467  00 

369 

3,637  00 

166 

Deerfield 

2,5^2  05 

315 

5,980  00 

167 

Wayland 

2,784  15 

- 

345 

8,232  00 

168 

Brookfield, 

2,792  22 

4,963  00 

346 

3,733  00 

169 

Merrimac, 

2,889  06 

5,179  00 

358 

3,708  00 

170 

Hopedale, 

3,308  70 

_ 

410 

14,457  00 

171 

Groton, 

2,727  66 

_ 

338 

11,725  00 

172 

Douglas, 

Holden, 

2,606  61 

- 

323 

3.946  00 

173 

3,478  17 

5,998  00 

431 

3,816  00 

174 

Shirley 

1,614  00 

730  00 

200 

5,980  00 

175 

Acton, 

2,493  63 

_ 

309 

7,141  00 

176 

Williamsburg,          .  •       . 

3,139  23 

7,867  00 

389 

2,556  00 

177 

Harwich 

2,622  75 

3,820  00 

325 

4,252  00 

178 

Ashburnham, 

2,808  36 

6,354  00 

348 

2,950  00 

179 

Weston 

2,437  14 

- 

302 

22,927  00 

180 

Hull, 

1,702  77 

_ 

211 

33,264  00 

181 

Upton, 

2,598  54 

5,001  00 

322 

3,495  00 

182 

Belchertown, 

2,913  27 

7,258  00 

361 

2,580  00 

183 

Charlton, 

2,800  27 

- 

347 

3,862  00 

184 

Avon, 

3,163  44 

8,081  00 

392 

2,475  00 

185 

Rehoboth,       

2,388  72 

5,153  00 

296 

3,118  00 

186 

Hadley 

2,469  42 

- 

306 

4,770  00 

187 

Hatfield 

2,065  92 

_ 

256 

5,968  00 

188 

Swansea, 

2,251  53 

- 

279 

5,760  00 

189 

Georgetown, 

1,364  51 

4,484  00 

293 

3,539  00 

190 

Sturbridge, 

2,227  32 

3,613  00 

276 

3,982  00 

191 

Shrewsbury, 

2,316  09 

- 

287 

6,077  00 

192 

Stockbridge 

2,671  17 

- 

331 

12,283  00 

193 

Dennis, 

2,299  95 

2,875  00 

285 

4,585  00 

194 

Wilmington, 

3,082  74 

4,996  00 

382 

3,960  00 

195 

Hanson 

2,211  18 

_ 

274 

4,580  00 

196 

Sheffield, 

1,961  01 

3,229  00 

243 

3,944  00 

197 

Townsend, 

2,421  00 

3,275  00 

300 

4,419  00 

198 

Hamilton, 

2,437  14 

- 

302 

13,258  00 

199 

Southborough 

2,533  98 

617  00 

314 

6,207  00 

39 


Support  in  the  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts  —  Continued. 


per 
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mall 

per 
3rage 
rom 
9-10. 

11 

1 

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pport 
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School    su 
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members 
sources  (1 

School    su 
unit     < 
members 
local  tax 

o 

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Pi 

it 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

$16  74 

$14  07 

$15  00 

$4  69 

.31 

181 

$368  00 

27  00 

23  33 

17  20 

4  94 

.29 

186 

456  00 

27  47 

25  77 

16  50 

4  47 

.27 

194 

500  00 

25  83 

22  50 

18  00 

5  50 

.31 

172 

360  00 

24  41 

20  93 

21  00 

6  12 

.29 

176 

396  00 

46  83 

46  83 

8  40 

1  56 

.19 

190 

650  00 

45  32 

45  22 

10  00 

2  17 

.22 

200 

600  00 

34  54 

29  15 

18  40 

7  27 

.40 

187 

418  00 

38  02 

37  80 

16  80 

3  85 

.23 

195 

500  00 

44  61 

42  89 

13  60 

3  12 

.23 

178 

468  00 

48  03 

46  62 

10  00 

3  55 

.36 

187 

456  00 

32  93 

27  79 

23  00 

7  01 

.30 

180 

456  00 

29  12 

23  98 

15  00 

6  72 

.45 

184 

418  00 

20  71 

15  70 

16  40 

5  97 

.36 

180 

376  00 

21  13 

15  02 

13  70 

3  56 

.26 

175 

396  00 

41  69 

31  66 

11  00 

5  83 

.53 

181 

418  00 

26  54 

22  79 

18  40 

5  79 

.31 

187 

410  00 

31  75 

28  81 

21  50 

4  16 

.19 

183 

600  00 

24  22 

19  83 

22  00 

7  77 

.35 

172 

404  00 

28  96 

23  99 

14  00 

6  54 

.47 

177 

396  00 

24  33 

20  57 

12  60 

5  90 

.47 

182 

446  00 

33  61 

28  81 

12  25 

4  57 

.37 

174 

360  00 

42  10 

35  08 

13  60 

4  59 

.34 

194 

500  00 

32  04 

26  56 

19  70 

7  09 

.36 

182 

396  00 

26  47 

22  35 

22  80 

6  65 

.29 

183 

380  00 

35  15 

35  03 

6  25 

2  39 

.38 

177 

522  00 

35  71 

35  06 

10  00 

3  03 

.30 

180 

432  00 

24  55 

18  38 

14  60 

4  64 

.32 

179 

396  00 

26  15 

21  20 

15  70 

6  03 

.38 

181 

413  00 

39  01 

28  14 

16  50 

5  02 

.30 

185 

500  00 

47  31 

42  17 

12  50 

5  11 

.41 

185 

494  00 

23  52 

14  41 

18  00 

6  45 

.36 

182 

324  00 

27  02 

22  10 

17  50 

5  25 

.30 

167 

340  00 

23  35 

19  11 

22  50 

6  67 

.30 

172 

387  00 

66  86 

66  86 

11  20 

3  04 

.27 

180 

600  00 

55  08 

55  08 

15  25 

1  74 

.11 

194 

000  00 

26  98 

20  19 

20  00 

6  11 

.31 

172 

360  00 

22  41 

14  44 

17  20 

5  96 

.35 

161 

305  00 

25  31 

17  44 

12  70 

4  67 

.37 

169 

323  00 

22  24 

16  78 

20  60 

6  69 

.32 

185 

407  00 

20  78 

18  65 

17  50 

5  28 

.30 

178 

324  00 

35  78 

19  48 

14  80 

4  59 

.31 

176 

361  00 

24  38 

18  75 

14  50 

3  32 

.23 

176 

360  00 

27  91 

19  64 

14  20 

3  93 

.28 

172 

350  00 

25  93 

20  14 

18  70 

6  13 

.33 

172 

468  00 

32  11 

25  35 

17  00 

6  71 

.39 

190 

380  00 

27  19 

27  19 

15  60 

4  39 

.28 

176 

348  00 

47  77 

46  82 

14  50 

3  96 

.27 

192 

563  00 

26  99 

21  60 

17  00 

5  11 

.30 

175 

383  00 

28  93 

23  08 

15  65 

5  99 

.38 

178 

494  00 

23  45 

17  61 

18  90 

4  29 

.23 

184 

418  00 

32  40 

23  13 

17  50 

6  49 

.37 

183 

294  00 

31  20 

24  29 

15  60 

5  82 

.37 

178 

396  00 

28  31 

26  75 

9  80 

2  95 

.30 

190 

525  00 

39  50 

32  07 

10  50 

5  81 

.55 

179 

432  00 

40 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Pkincipal  Facts  relative  to  School 


I-- 

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it 

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§t 

< 

ft-g? 

3 

o 

Ill 

> 

H 

H 

Towns  under  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 

1 

2 

3 

200 

Rutland, 

$781,217 

$14,653 

$6,238  67 

201 

Wrentham 

1,280,907 

25,262 

9,892  19 

202 

Colrain, 

707,540 

13,323 

7,806  45 

203 

Marshfield 

1,957,325 

33,313 

9,287  09 

204 

Raynham, 

773,724 

7,506 

6.527  00 

205 

Northborough 

1,391,342 

21,926 

9,716  55 

206 

Bellingham,      .         .         .         .        . 

906,645 

16,209 

8,557  29 

207 

Acushnet, 

919,310 

16,362 

7,289  50 

208 

Duxbury, 

2,298,394 

35,496 

10,598  64 

209 

Sandwich 

1,026,325 

18,608 

9,048  94 

210 

Ashland 

1,251,434 

22,475 

10,186  83 

211 

Carver 

2,109,745 

30,688 

8,090  98 

212 

Salisbury, 

907,870 

14,226 

6,009  96 

213 

Northfield 

1,405,428 

23,710 

8,609  63 

214 

Essex, . 

1,182,585 

19,026 

7,994  35 

215 

Buckland 

723,540 

15,394 

7,675  26 

216 

Chatham, 

1,216,460 

21,833 

7,376  48 

217 

East  Longmeadow,           .... 

735,020 

14,470 

9,433  87 

218 

Cheshire, 

804,902 

14,909 

8,160  27 

219 

Shelburne,        .        .     '  . 

1,242,773 

25,703 

8,924  87 

220 

Newbury, 

1,263,620 

13,400 

7,405  84 

221 

Huntington, 

670,530 

14,583 

7,851  16 

222 

West  Newbury, 

1,074,178 

17,521 

7,948  15 

223 

Freetown, 

908,925 

14,395 

6,828  33 

224 

Marion, 

4.984,680 

58,048 

7,015  99 

225 

Sherborn 

1,391,343 

18,272 

6,383  67 

226 

Yarmouth 

2,215,025 

28,645 

9,314  70 

227 

Norwell 

1,059,040 

16,784 

9,968  66 

228 

MiUis 

1,102.381 

18,825 

7.300  02 

229 

Lunenburg, 

1,159,319 

18,119 

7,047  87 

230 

Plainville 

821,947 

17,278 

8,984  82 

231 

Chester, 

755,559 

15,835 

8,310  25 

232 

Rowley, 

918,629 

12,653 

6,463  25 

233 

Sterling, 

1,167,265 

17,777 

7,214  60 

234 

Westminster, 

861,290 

14,552 

6,215  22 

235 

Pembroke, 

954,061 

14,936 

7.589  35 

236 

West  Brookfield 

910,061 

17.142 

6.223  19 

237 

West  Stockbridge, 

480,480 

10,842 

6.090  18 

238 

West  Boylston, 

827,040 

8,274 

10.236  83 

239 

Westwood, 

2,950,355 

34,918 

11,885  99 

240 

Mattapoisett, 

1,694,249 

18,281 

6.566  90 

241 

Bedford 

1,363,230 

26,511 

6.634  87 

242 

Conway, 

719,625 

14,030 

6,703  87 

243 

Littleton 

1,136,923 

16,913 

9,145  40 

244 

Clarksburg, 

270,739 

6,781 

4,397  49 

245 

Tisbury 

1,578,386 

18,058 

6,111  45 

246 

Edgartown, 

1,030,720 

19,469 

5,038  53 

247 

Nahant, 

8,225,248 

74,739 

8.820  59 

248 

Lincoln, 

3,473,934 

35,409 

8.896  54 

249 

Topsfield, 

1,589,319 

16,379 

4.941  30 

250 

Erving, 

918,172 

14,919 

6,008  16 

251 

Lakeville 

820,925 

11,077 

5,836  54 

252 

Middleton 

818,072 

10,330 

5,812  69 

253 

New  Marlborough, 

765,010 

15,109 

5.775  94 

254 

Sudbury, 

1,317,440 

23,317 

9.518  03 

41 


Support  in 

THE  Towns 

AND  Cities  of  Massachusetts  — 

-  Continued. 

Is 

11 

l'= 

a-2 

a 
s 

!l 

II 
11^ 

ill 

in 

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H 

O 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

S4,313  57 

$930  73 

$500  00 

$312  50 

$1,743  23 

781 

7,156  75 

938  42 

500  00 

375  00 

1,813  42 

1,280 

4,763  98 

1,088  41 

1,185  00 

500  00 

2,773  41 

707 

7,862  07 

780  73 

- 

416  66 

1,197  39 

1,957 

4,617  71 

1,351  21 

465  00 

250  00 

2,066  21 

773 

7,411  44 

938  41 

500  00 

357  15 

1,795  56 

1,391 

6,139  59 

1,351  22 

568  85 

416  66 

2,336  73 

906 

4,688  51 

1,088  41 

1,095  00 

208  33 

2,391  74 

919 

9,561  58 

863  41 

- 

416  66 

1,280  07 

2,298 

7,249  76 

1,201  21 

500  00 

562  50 

2,263  71 

1.026 

7,396  30 

1,201  22 

600  00 

500  00 

2,201  22 

1,261 

6,067  90 

780  73 

- 

500  00 

1,280  73 

2,109 

4,577  81 

1,088  41 

174  00 

250  00 

1,512  41 

907 

6,306  54 

938  41 

500  00 

600  00 

1,938  41 

1,405 

6,236  00 

S38  41 

600  00 

600  00 

1,938  41 

1.182 

4,753  03 

930  73 

1,434  00 

375  00 

2.739  73 

723 

6,105  20 

1,201  22 

- 

401  78 

1.603  00 

1,216 

4,896  74 

1,088  41 

3,005  00 

378  78 

4,472  19 

735 

5,468  55 

1,351  22 

460  00 

376  00 

2,186  22 

804 

6,576  02 

938  41 

500  00 

375  00 

1,813  41 

1.242 

,  5,602  62 

1,201  22 

117  00 

250  00 

1,568  22 

1,263 

'  5,325  00 

1,351  22 

500  00 

431  03 

2,282  25 

670 

5,659  29 

1,201  21 

500  00 

375  00 

2,076  21 

1,074 

4,569  00 

1,351  22 

386  21 

750  00 

2,487  43 

908 

6,391  27 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4.984 

5,230  82 

780  73 

_, 

250  00 

1,030  73 

1.391 

6,464  01 

863  42 

- 

432  70 

1,296  12 

2,215 

7,520  20 

1,351  21 

500  00 

416  66 

2,267  87 

1,059 

5,331  61 

1,088  41 

500  00 

312  50 

1,900  91 

1,102 

5,256  52 

938  41 

600  00 

375  00 

1.813  41 

1,159 

7,262  19 

1,351  21 

500  00 

250  00 

2,101  21 

821 

4,841  78 

1,088  41 

500  00 

620  00 

2.208  41 

765 

4,024  90 

1,088  41 

1,252  00 

375  00 

2.715  41 

918 

4,995  83 

938  42 

500  00 

500  00 

1,938  42 

1,167 

4,626  80 

1,088  42 

68  00 

600  00 

1,656  42 

861 

5,356  66 

1,088  41 

600  00 

416  67 

2.005  08 

954 

4,242  99 

1,088  42 

380  37 

375  00 

1,843  79 

910 

3,110  11 

1,626  21 

398  70 

454  55 

2,479  46 

480 

8,307  31 

1,351  21 

500  00 

375  00 

2,226  21 

827 

11,342  80 

- 

- 

312  50 

312  50 

2,960 

5,475  25 

1,201  22 

_ 

208  33 

1,409  65 

1,694 

4,786  76 

675  61 

472  00 

437  50 

1,585  11 

1,363 

4,376  90 

1,351  22 

500  00 

350  87 

2,202  09 

719 

6,762  18 

1,201  22 

500  00 

250  00 

1,951  22 

1.136 

1,325  09 

1,205  73 

390  00 

416  66 

2,012  39 

270 

4,188  22 

780  73 

500  00 

312  60 

1.593  23 

1,578 

3,507  80 

780  73 

500  00 

250  00 

1,530  73 

1,030 

8,820  59 

- 

- 

- 

_ 

8,225 

8,853  72 

- 

- 

_ 

_ 

3,473 

3,884  53 

780  73 

- 

125  00 

905  73 

1,589 

4,007  74 

1,088  41 

171  88 

460  52 

1,720  81 

918 

3,666  84 

1,351  22 

1,050  38 

375  00 

2,776  60 

820 

3,610  14 

1,351  22 

600  00 

250  00 

2,201  22 

818 

3.708  53 

1,088  41 

500  00 

475  00 

2,063  41 

766 

7,566  57 

938  42 

500  00 

375  00 

1,813  42 

1,317 

42 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


©13.2 

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if 

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Towns  under  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 

10 

11 

12 

13 

200 

Rutland 

$1,686  63 

$2,992  00 

209 

$3,737  00 

201 

VVrentham, 

l,90i  52 

1,388  00 

236 

5,427  00 

202 

Colrain, 

2,251  53 

5,672  00 

279 

2,535  00 

203 

Marshfield i        . 

1,864  17 

- 

231 

8,473  00 

204 

Raynham,       .      - 

1,630  14 

2,801  00 

202 

3,830  00 

205 

Northborough 

2,525  91 

3,374  00 

313 

4,445  00 

206 

Bellingham, 

2,380  65 

5,205  00 

295 

3,073  00 

207 

Acushnet, 

1,363  83 

982  00 

169 

5,439  00 

208 

Diixbury •     . 

2,195  04 

- 

272 

8,449  00 

209 

Sandwich, 

2.318  55 

3,615  00 

265 

3,872  00 

210 

Ashland, 

2,356  44 

3,381  00 

292 

4,282  00 

211 

Carver 

1,654  35 

- 

205 

10,291  00 

212 

Salisbury, 

1,977  15 

3,550  00 

245 

3,705  00 

213 

Northfield 

2,275  74 

- 

282 

4,983  00 

214 

Essex, 

2,299  95 

3,495  00 

285 

4,149  00 

215 

Buckland 

1,622  07 

3,018  00 

201 

3,599  00 

216 

Chatham, 

2,001  36 

2,104  00 

248 

4,905  00 

217 

East  Longmeadow,          .... 

2,703  45 

7,380  00 

335 

2,194  00 

218 

Cheshire 

1,872  24 

3,636  00 

232 

3,469  00 

219 

Shelburne 

1,589  79 

291  00 

197 

6,308  00 

220 

Newbury, 

1,549  44 

_ 

192 

6,581  00 

221 

Huntington, 

2,429  07 

6,583  00 

301 

2.227  00 

222 

West  Newbury, 

2,001  36 

2,814  00 

248 

4,331  00 

223 

Freetown, 

1,936  80 

3,380  00 

240 

3,787  00 

224 

Marion, 

1,275  06 

- 

158 

3,154  00 

225 

Sherborn 

1,436  46 

_ 

178 

7,816  00 

226 

Yarmouth, 

1,654  35 

- 

205 

10,805  00 

227 

Norwell 

1,856  10 

2,295  GO 

230 

4,604  00 

228 

Millis 

2,001  36 

- 

248 

4,445  00 

229 

Lunenburg, 

1,775  40 

- 

220 

5,269  00 

230 

Plainville 

1,638  21 

2,594  00 

203 

4,049  00 

231 

Chester,  . 

2,186  97 

6,168  00 

271 

2,778  00 

232 

Rowley, 

2,025  57 

_ 

251 

3,659  00 

233 

Sterling, 

1,775  40 

- 

220 

5,305  00 

234 

Westminster, 

2,106  27 

4,308  00 

261 

3,299  00 

235 

Pembroke 

1,517  16 

1,434  00 

188 

5,074  00 

236 

West  Brookfield 

1,323  48 

- 

164 

5,549  00 

237 

West  Stockbridge, 

1,275  06 

2,814  00 

158 

3,041  00 

238 

West  Boylston, 

1,735  05 

2,960  00 

215 

3,846  00 

239 

Westwood, 

1,533  30 

- 

190 

15,528  00 

240 

Mattapoisett, 

1,517  16 

_ 

188 

9,011  00 

241 

Bedford 

1,170  15 

- 

145 

9,401  00 

242 

Conway,          

1,694  70 

3,335  00 

210 

3,426  00 

243 

Littleton 

1,839  96 

1,844  00 

228 

4,986  00 

244 

Clarksburg 

1,565  58 

- 

194 

1,395  00 

245 

Tisbury,           .         .         .         . 

1,581  72 

_ 

196 

8,052  00 

246 

Edgartown, 

1,331  55 

- 

165 

6,246  00 

247 

Nahant, 

•     1,436  46 

- 

178 

46,209  00 

248 

Lincoln,  ....... 

1,113  66 

- 

138 

25,173  00 

249 

Topsfield, 

952  26 

- 

118 

13,468  00 

250 

Erving, 

1,492  95 

- 

185 

4,963  00 

251 

Lakeville, 

1,154  01 

- 

143 

5,740  00 

252 

Middleton, 

1,145  94 

- 

142 

5,761  00 

253 

New  Marlborough,          .... 

1,420  32 

- 

176 

4,346  00 

254 

Sudbury,         

1,549  44 

" 

192 

6,861  00 

43 


Support  in  the  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts  —  Continued. 


per 
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per 
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14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

$28  05 

$18  92 

$18  00 

$5  52 

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172 

$374  00 

40  52 

30  45 

19  00 

5  59 

.29 

188 

491  00 

25  53 

15  20 

17  50 

6  73 

.38 

166 

324  00 

39  25 

33  23 

16  50 

4  02 

.30 

177 

432  00 

30  08 

17  71 

8  60 

5  97 

.69 

185 

470  00 

25  50 

22  44 

15  00 

5  33 

.37 

174 

514  00 

28  44 

22  22 

17  00 

6  77 

.40 

174 

378  00 

42  14 

26  44 

17  00 

5  10 

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181 

380  00 

37  30 

35  39 

15  00 

4  16 

.28 

182 

400  00 

31  89 

24  03 

17  40 

7  06 

.41 

176 

400  00 

34  19 

27  29 

17  20 

5  91 

.34 

178 

399  00 

33  50 

20  71 

14  25 

2  88 

.20 

196 

360  00 

23  01 

16  10 

14  60 

5  04 

.35 

173 

360  00 

28  94 

21  01 

16  30 

4  49 

.28 

180 

378  00 

28  69 

21  76 

15  30 

5  27 

.35 

177 

385  CO 

35  74 

20  06 

20  00 

6  57 

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176 

396  00 

30  97 

24  73 

17  10 

5  02 

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171 

252  00 

25  80 

13  44 

18  50 

6  66 

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176 

396  00 

31  59 

22  16 

17  50 

6  79 

.39 

180 

437  00 

4158 

29  77 

20  00 

5  29 

.26 

176 

424  00 

36  03 

25  91 

10  00 

4  43 

.44 

182 

418  00 

27  59 

14  73 

20  50 

7  94 

.39 

174 

333  00 

31  64 

23  23 

15  50 

5  27 

.34 

183 

370  00 

25  78 

18  50 

15  00 

5  03 

.34 

172 

418  00 

43  54 

37  35 

11  50 

1  28 

.11 

174 

504  00 

32  47 

25  98 

12  70 

3  76 

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180 

402  00 

48  20 

33  42 

12  50 

2  92 

.23 

174 

450  00 

41  07 

30  67 

15  00 

7  10 

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191 

418  00 

27  54 

19  99 

16  50 

4  84 

.29 

179 

396  00 

31  35 

23  33 

15  00 

4  53 

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179 

432  00, 

46  08 

34  78 

20  00 

8  34 

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456  00 

•   29  57 

17  28 

20  00 

6  41 

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360  00 

22  22 

13  37 

13  00 

4  38 

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168 

378  00 

30  81 

19  11 

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4  28 

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288  00 

23  42 

16  71 

16  00 

5  37 

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162 

245  00 

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27  42 

15  00 

5  61 

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183 

370  00 

38  35 

25  76 

18  00 

4  66 

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396  00 

38  43 

19  54 

21  00 

6  47 

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418  00 

47  88 

38  29 

9  20 

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500  00 

53  51 

46  60 

11  60 

3  84 

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194 

537  00 

36  14 

30  41 

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3  23 

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542  00 

44  93 

31  05 

19  00 

3  51 

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182 

462  00 

31  75 

21  56 

18  60 

6  08 

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297  00 

38  66 

28  83 

14  28 

5  95 

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432  00 

21  14 

7  90 

23  00 

4  89 

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177 

432  00 

26  43 

20  50 

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2  65 

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450  00 

30  46 

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18  20 

3  40 

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176 

360  00 

48  96 

48  96 

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1  07 

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185 

600  00 

64  18 

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10  00 

2  55 

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550  00 

35  95 

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414  00 

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26  39 

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418  00 

40  59 

21  14 

12  00 

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507  00 

35  39 

23  77 

19  00 

4  85 

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162 

259  00 

46  69 

35  55 

17  20 

6  74 

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456  00 

44 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


'S'^" 

d 

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Towns  under  5,000  PopuiiATioN 
—  Con. 

1 

2 

3 

255 

Hinsdale 

§579,361 

$10,995 

$6,693  47 

256 

Stow, 

1,024,669 

13,947 

7,747  86 

257 

Rochester, 

723,445 

8,481 

5,439  88 

258 

Longmeadow, 

1,459,370 

18,835 

7,639  55 

259 

Oak  Bluffs 

1,845,825 

37,506 

5,197  95 

260 

Orleans, 

683,995 

10,897 

6,367  76 

261 

Hubbardston, 

687,593 

12,333 

5,330  95 

262 

North  Reading, 

736,410 

11,586 

6,803  43 

263 

Sunderland, 

507,773 

7,696 

6,310  84 

264 

Harvard, 

1,363,803 

16,302 

7,107  18 

265 

WeUfleet.  ....                .        . 

1,081,720 

22,270 

4,954  08 

266 

Southwick 

744,680 

12,508 

5,705  47 

267 

Wenham, 

2,567,975 

23,174 

6,816  43 

268 

Charlemont, 

519,264 

12,009 

6,290  14 

269 

Berkley, 

402,847 

5,719 

4,676  98 

270 

Russell 

813,100 

12,739 

5,780  56 

271 

Norfolk 

872,702 

13,702 

6,293  47 

272 

Ashfield 

652,944 

12,609 

6,164  34 

273 

Becket 

540,831 

9,744 

5,840  61 

274 

Lanesborougb 

546,184 

8,997 

4,713  71 

275 

GiU 

475,357 

7,834 

4,298  67 

276 

Lynnfield 

994,791 

12,511 

4,719  31 

277 

Berlin 

591,680 

7,002 

5,590  36 

278 

Ashby y 

Mendon 

528,557 

9,249 

6,302  48 

279 

701,445 

10,352 

6,006  19 

280 

Enfield 

692,250 

12,262 

6,219  67 

281 

Southampton, 

491,737 

9,032 

4,443  20 

282 

Brimfield 

552,888 

7,135 

4,788  96 

283 

Whately, 

459,445 

8,546 

3,727  00 

284 

Tyngsborough 

579,803 

7,996 

4,922  68 

285 

Princeton, 

1,135,366 

16,674 

6,398  52 

286 

Dover, 

5,467,126 

16,832 

10,477  40 

287 

Royalston, 

602,051 

11,497 

5,622  14 

288 

Granville 

483,412 

7,657 

4,329  08 

289 

Bolton, 

583,597 

8,004 

5,947  06 

290 

Granby, 

522,615 

7,975 

6,195  42 

291 

Petersham, 

935,813 

16,489 

8,460  66 

292 

Bernardston 

461,776 

8,252 

5,318  68 

293 

Dana, 

401,717 

8,627 

4,937  06 

294 

Leverett, 

325,213 

5,918 

3,976  96 

295 

Boxford, 

1,424,995 

11,773 

3,944  40 

296 

Blandford 

550,579 

9,151 

3,826  74 

297 

Boylston, 

493,764 

5,627 

5,504  77 

298 

Truro 

379,135 

7,555 

3,356  42 

299 

Richmond, 

394,488 

8,747 

3,836  79 

300 

Hampden 

391,220 

5,813 

4,553  08 

301 

New  Salem, 

357,410 

7,514 

5,716  79 

302 

Cummington, 

325,057 

6,187 

4,232  40 

303 

Brewster, 

681,560 

9,963 

4,872  65 

304 

Egremont, 

498,014 

5,362 

2,598  54 

305 

Burlington 

695,383 

10.245 

3,760  32 

306 

Worthington, 

356,765 

6,733 

3,714  55 

307 

Sandisfield 

362,397 

7,938 

2,850  58 

308 

Plympton, 

387,629 

5,993 

2,576  77 

309 

Oakham, 

371,508 

5,374 

2,668  10 

t 


45 


Support  in 

THE  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts  — 

-  Continued. 

S=L 

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$4,069  66 

$1,351  22 

$417  60 

$431  04 

$2,199  86 

$579 

4.775  43 

1.351  21 

500  00 

375  00 

2,226  21 

1,024 

2,730  14 

1.088  41 

960  00 

375  00 

2,423  41 

723 

5,210  49 

938  41 

- 

189  41 

1,127  82 

1,459 

4,270  28 

150  00 

- 

312  50 

462  50 

1,845 

3.862  50 

1,351  21 

500  00 

178  57 

2,029  78 

683 

3,918  00 

1,088  41 

257  00 

250  00 

1,595  41 

687 

3,504  33 

825  61 

1,973  75 

83  33 

2,882  69 

736 

3,707  01 

1,551  21 

637  50 

238  13 

2,426  84 

507 

5,772  12 

1,201  22 

250  00 

1.451  22 

1,363 

3,846  01 

675  61 

_ 

189  39 

865  00 

1,081 

2,609  70 

1,088  42 

670  00 

437  50 

2,195  92 

744 

5,758  08 

_ 

- 

500  00 

500  00 

2,567 

3,105  14 

930  73 

500  00 

351  56 

1,782  29 

519 

1,865  28 

1,288  41 

753  00 

250  00 

2,291  41 

402 

4,067  50 

1.088  41 

435  50 

344  83 

1.868  74 

813 

4,630  01 

1,088  41 

178  13 

312  50 

1.579  04 

872 

3,112  63 

1,088  41 

500  00 

462  96 

2.051  37 

652 

3,649  50 

1,088  41 

1,103  00 

310  00 

2.501  41 

540 

2,774  08 

1,088  41 

736  20 

416  67 

2.241  28 

546 

1,945  00 

1,288  41 

419  25 

250  00 

1.957  66 

475 

3,280  70 

825  61 

530  00 

125  00 

1.480  61 

994 

2,712  46 

1,351  22 

980  00 

178  55 

2.509  77 

591 

4,058  58 

1,351  22 

500  00 

250  00 

2.101  22 

528 

3.640  41 

1.351  22 

500  00 

416  66 

2.267  88 

701 

3,341  06 

1,088  41 

729  40 

350  00 

2.167  81 

692 

2,275  20 

1,130  73 

790  00 

312  50 

2.233  23 

491 

3,448  38 

1,351  22 

- 

375  00 

1,726  22 

552 

1,902  02 

1,130  73 

225  00 

151  37 

1,507  10 

459 

4,037  68 

1,351  21 

900  00 

83  33 

2,334  54 

579 

5,159  81 

938  41 

_ 

250  00 

1,188  41 

1.135 

9,887  08 

- 

- 

_ 

5.467 

2,904  46 

1,088  41 

409  00 

250  00 

1,747  41 

602 

2,460  67 

1.288  41 

315  00 

375  00 

1,978  41 

483 

3,068  00 

1,288  41 

500  00 

250  00 

2,038  41 

583 

3,878  36 

1.351  22 

500  00 

312  50 

2,163  72 

522 

6,083  70 

1.351  21 

500  00 

250  00 

2,101  21 

935 

2,466  49 

1.288  41 

500  00 

231  48 

2,019  89 

461 

2,898  10 

1,363  41 

514  20 

328  95 

2.206  56 

401 

1.844  74 

1.551  22 

145  00 

328  95 

2,025  17 

325 

2,549  35 

675  61 

_ 

250  00 

925  61 

1.424 

2,544  96 

300  00 

500  00 

301  72 

1.101  72 

550 

3,137  97 

1,551  22 

536  00 

125  00 

2.212  22 

493 

1,823  63 

1,130  73 

40  00 

189  39 

1.360  12 

379 

2.070  83 

1,205  73 

324  00 

397  73 

1,927  46 

394 

1,806  39 

1,288  41 

1,610  00 

227  27 

3.125  68 

391 

2,715  15 

1,626  22 

500  00 

526  32 

2,652  54 

357 

1,502  02 

1,205  73 

862  00 

370  37 

2,438  10 

325 

3,341  94 

1,088  41 

500  00 

192  30 

1.780  71 

681 

1,701  70 

1,288  41 

405  00 

227  27 

1.920  68 

498 

2.767  42 

930  73 

_ 

187  50 

1,118  23 

695 

1.525  15 

1,130  73 

420  00 

312  50 

1,863  23 

356 

1.604  22 

1,205  73 

_ 

312  50 

1,518  23 

362 

1,239  60 

1,025  61 

215  00 

166  66 

1,407  27 

387 

821  99 

1,025  61 

685  00 

187  50 

1,898  11 

371 

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Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


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Towns  under  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 

10 

11 

12 

13 

255 

Hinsdale 

$1,638  21 

$3,804  00 

203 

$2,853  00 

256 

Stow 

1,581  72 

196 

5,227  00 

257 

Rochester, 

1,154  01 

_ 

143 

5,059  00 

258 

Longmeadow, 

1,057  17 

- 

131 

11,140  00 

259 

Oak  Bluffs 

1,581  72 

- 

196 

9,417  00 

260 

Orleans 

1,549  44 

2,921  00 

192 

3,562  00 

261 

Hubbardston, 

1,525  23 

2,802  00 

189 

3,638  00 

262 

North  Reading, 

1,121  73 

- 

139 

5,298  00 

263 

Sunderland 

1,081  38 

1,887  00 

134 

3,789  00 

264 

Harvard, 

1,016  82 

126 

10,823  00 

265 

Wellfleet, 

1,121  73 

_ 

139 

7,782  00 

266 

Southwick 

1,162  08 

_ 

144 

5,171  00 

267 

Wenham, 

1,178  22 

- 

146 

17,602  00 

268 

Charlemont, 

1,501  02 

3,543  00 

186 

2,791  00 

269 

Berkley, 

1,355  76 

168 

2,397  00 

270 

Russell 

1,250  85 

1,050  00 

155 

5,245  00 

271 

Norfolk 

1,323  48 

1,052  00 

164 

5,321  00 

272 

Ashfield 

1,436  46 

178 

3,668  00 

273 

Becket '      . 

1,081  38 

1,722  00 

134 

4,036  00 

274 

Lanesborough, 

1,041  03 

1,527  00 

129 

4,234  00 

275 

Gill, 

1,041  03 

_ 

129 

3,685  00 

276 

Lynnfield, 

831  21 

- 

103 

9,658  00 

277 

Berlin 

1,218  57 

_ 

151 

3,918  00 

278 

Ashby 

1,032  96 

1,584  00 

128 

4,129  00 

279 

Mendon, 

1,210  50 

1,445  00 

150 

4,676  00 

280 

Enfield, 

1,234  71 

_ 

153 

4,524  00 

281 

Southampton 

1,089  45 

- 

135 

3,642  00 

282 

Brimfield, 

1,250  85 

2,355  00 

155 

3,566  00 

283 

Whately, 

742  44 

- 

92 

4,993  00 

284 

Tyngsborough, 

936  12 

933  00 

116 

4,998  00 

285 

Princeton 

1,137  87 

_ 

141 

8,052  00 

286 

Dover 

831  21 

— 

103 

53,078  00 

287 

Royalston, 

1,137  87 

- 

141 

4,269  00 

288 

Granville, 

1,145  94 

2,271  00 

142 

3,404  00 

289 

Bolton 

928  05 

880  00 

115 

5,074  00 

290 

Granby, 

960  33 

1,317  00 

119 

4,391  00 

291 

Petersham, 

1,202  43 

242  00 

149 

6,280  00 

292 

Bernardston, 

968  40 

1,655  00 

120 

3,848  00 

293 

Dana 

887  70 

1,625  00 

110 

3,651  00 

294 

Leverett, 

1,041  03 

2,632  00 

129 

2,521  00 

295 

Boxford 

694  02 

_ 

86 

16,569  00 

296 

Blandford, 

750  51 

_ 

93 

5,920  00 

297 

Boylaton 

1,008  75 

1,660  00 

125 

3,950  00 

298 

Truro, 

1,049  10 

- 

130 

2,916  00 

299 

Richmond 

653  67 

703  00 

81 

4,870  00 

300 

Hampden, 

928  05 

_ 

115 

3,401  00 

301 

New  Salem, 

911  91 

1,944  00 

113 

3,162  00 

302 

Cummington, 

1,000  68 

- 

124 

2,621  00 

303 

Brewster 

637  53 

- 

79 

8,627  00 

304 

Egremont, 

645  60 

- 

80 

6,225  00 

305 

Burlington, 

589  11 

_ 

73 

9,525  00 

306 

Worthington, 

750  51 

- 

93 

3,836  00 

307 

Sandisfield, 

774  72 

96 

3,774  00 

308 

Plympton, 

581  04 

_ 

72 

5,383  00 

309 

Oakham 

807  00 

~ 

100 

3,715  00 

47 


Support  in  the  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts  —  Continued. 


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40  00 

24  85 

13  00 

4  66 

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396  00 

36  64 

20  20 

11  00 

3  77 

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405  00 

55  87 

36  63 

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3  57 

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185 

525  00 

26  43 

24  24 

20  00 

2  31 

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176 

405  00 

32  69 

20  08 

15  00 

5  65 

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182 

425  00 

28  97 

19  85 

17  00 

5  70 

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173 

359  00 

37  16 

14  29 

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4  79 

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181 

399  00 

45  62 

27  37 

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7  30 

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177 

396  00 

56  67 

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494  00 

33  79 

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3  56 

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418  00 

39  76 

24  59 

16  00 

3  50 

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333  00 

44  60 

37  19 

8  80 

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456  00 

33  45 

16  26 

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330  00 

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360  00 

32  48 

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375  00 

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450  00 

36  03 

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255  00 

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6  75 

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360  00 

34  87 

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172 

365  00 

30  21 

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396  00 

43  74 

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3  30 

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550  00 

36  12 

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4  58 

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360  00 

46  53 

30  53 

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396  00 

40  09 

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414  00 

39  70 

23  47 

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369  00 

31  99 

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324  00 

25  66 

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6  24 

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178 

418  00 

45  67 

19  72 

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351  00 

48  06 

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6  96 

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189 

430  00 

41  90 

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21  11 

18  40 

4  82 

.26 

178 

404  00 

27  92 

14  93 

15  00 

5  09 

.34 

175 

315  00 

43  55 

20  04 

13  00 

5  26 

.40 

186 

418  00 

49  99 

29  30 

14  50 

7  42 

.51 

177 

360  00 

55  24 

38  77 

17  20 

6  50 

.38 

187 

400  00 

42  61 

19  16 

17  00 

5  34 

.31 

178 

348  00 

47  61 

20  07 

20  50 

7  21 

.35 

177 

387  00 

33  73 

17  56 

17  00 

5  36 

.32 

177 

360  00 

39  35 

23  85 

8  00 

1  79 

.22 

188 

361  00 

38  49 

13  56 

16  00 

4  62 

.29 

155 

340  00 

42  80 

23  69 

10  CO 

6  36 

.60 

182 

446  00 

24  36 

11  54 

19  00 

4  81 

.21 

190 

418  00 

42  58 

20  38 

21  50 

5  25 

.24 

185 

361  00 

31  79 

12  45 

14  00 

4  62 

.33 

174 

369  00 

49  78 

23  99 

20  00 

7  60 

.38 

167 

288  00 

34  62 

12  00 

18  00 

4  62 

.26 

164 

323  00 

50  40 

34  86 

14  00 

4  90 

.35  • 

185 

405  00 

34  28 

22  01 

10  00 

3  42 

.34 

187 

450  00 

53  24 

33  15 

14  20 

3  98 

.28 

183 

475  00 

39  27 

16  01 

18  00 

4  27 

.24 

170 

324  00 

30  92 

16  79 

21  00 

4  43 

.21 

168 

306  00 

28  62 

14  26 

14  60 

3  20 

.22 

182 

437  00 

25  82 

9  04 

13  60 

2  21 

.16 

160 

330  00 

48 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Principal  Facts  relative  to  School 


'^^ 

o 

0-- 

o 

its 

1 

> 

1 

M  &S 

"rt 

1^-^ 

"3  ft-t 

o 

O   =0    M 

> 

^ 

H 

Towns  undek  5,000  Population 
-Con. 

1 

2 

3 

310 

Carlisle, 

$477,197 

$6,535 

$3,466  04 

311 

Halifax, 

617,373 

9,231 

3,270  56 

312 

Chesterfield 

319,969 

5,751 

3,343  85 

313 

Eastham, 

477,015 

5,072 

3,734  75 

314 

Savoy,      

185,515 

4,367 

2,786  63 

315 

WendeU 

295,110 

6,200 

3,284  80 

316 

Otis, 

262,216 

4,995 

2,812  75 

317 

Warwick 

442,450 

6,647 

4.930  82 

318 

Pelham 

286,450 

3,816 

2,555  59 

319 

Hancock 

^           305,224 

4,482 

2,378  48 

320 

New  Braintree, 

400,689 

5,176 

3,081  27 

321 

Rowe 

194,599 

4,535 

2,642  57 

322 

Greenwich, 

245,003 

3,668 

2,615  63 

323 

WestTisbury, 

584,433 

3,478 

2,640  38 

324 

Phillipston 

283,695 

5,396 

2,580  89 

325 

Hawley, 

188,419 

4,076 

3,056  86 

326 

Westhampton, 

241,838 

3,829 

2,680  48 

327 

Paxton, 

339,490 

5,278 

2,762  76 

328 

Dunstable 

355,709 

5,227 

3,212  28 

329 

Plainfield 

183,073 

3,423 

2,835  12 

330 

Windsor 

288,853 

5,040 

3,577  14 

331 

Florida, 

196,206 

4,170 

2,306  21 

332 

Monterey, 

320,803 

4,055 

2,594  04 

333 

Tyringham, 

356,217 

4,644 

2,196  90 

334 

Leyden, 

171,802 

3,274 

2,411  70 

335 

Middlefield 

197,337 

3,716 

3,474  25 

336 

Heath 

179,792 

3,264 

2,453  53 

337 

Wales 

285,355 

3,491 

2,350  02 

338 

Prescott,  .        .       , 

194,175 

2,648 

2,605  82 

339 

Boxborough, 

266,005 

3,604 

3,114  83 

340 

Chilmark, 

357,450 

3,951 

1,675  83 

341 

Goshen, 

183,530 

3,433 

2,360  14 

342 

Washington, 

292,271 

5,117 

2,575  20 

343 

Alford, 

188,110 

2,805 

2,401  99 

344 

Mashpee 

226,280 

4,876 

1,546  52 

345 

Shutesbnry, 

290,525 

4,501 

1,567  13 

346 

Monroe, 

167,683 

2,732 

2,245  81 

347 

Peru 

145,081 

2,898 

2,603  99 

348 

Montgomery 

151,887 

2,106 

1,868  04 

349 

Tolland 

204,658 

3,381 

1,236  84 

350 

Gay  Head, 

45,751 

498 

1,382  57 

351 

Gosnold, 

709,115 

3,204 

654  47 

352 

Holland, 

107,725 

1,803 

1.073  70 

353 

Mt.  Washington, 

98,150 

1,870 

1,336  64 

354 

New  Ashford, 

52,575 

1,056 

885  56 

49 


Support  in  the  To"v\t^s  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts  —  Continued. 


^1 

4i 

1.2 

B 
2 

gT3 

r4   • 

IIS 

^1 

Hi 

a^^" 

< 

M 

M 

H 

O 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

SI, 693  46 

$1,205  73 

$292  00 

$125  00 

$1,622  73 

$477 

2,194  80 

930  73 

- 

166  67 

1,097  40 

617 

1,531  94 

1,288  41 

- 

312  50 

1,600  91 

319 

1,789  63 

1,288  41 

352  00 

133  93 

1,774  34 

477 

1,100  00 

1,363  41 

140  50 

301  73 

1,805  64 

185 

1,277  72 

1,W61 

200  00 

328  95 

1,629  56 

295 

1,182  90 

1,363  41 

100  00 

250  00 

1,713  41 

262 

2,793  41 

1,551  21 

352  3? 

250  00 

2,153  58 

442 

614  98 

1,025  61 

213  50 

250  00 

1,489  11 

286 

816  33 

1,130  73 

36  00 

347  22 

1.513  95 

305 

1,183  36 

1,288  41 

420  00 

375  00 

2,083  41 

400 

683  58 

1,205  73 

242  00 

195  31 

1,643  04 

194 

905  33 

1,130  73 

644  10 

131  58 

1,906  41 

245 

957  55 

1,088  42 

— 

187  50 

1,275  92 

584 

1,192  76 

1,130  73 

153  00 

125  00 

1.408  73 

283 

1,009  68 

1,363  41 

45  00 

273  44 

1,681  85 

188 

910  30 

1,288  42 

300  00 

187  50 

1,775  92 

241 

1,200  00 

1,288  41 

289  00 

125  00 

1,702  41 

339 

1,484  22 

1,551  22 

110  00 

125  00 

1,786  22 

355 

913  50 

1.363  41 

293  00 

231  48 

1,887  89 

183 

1,517  78 

1,288  42 

113  70 

301  73 

1,703  85 

288 

927  99 

575  00 

105  00 

156  25 

836  25 

196 

1,377  18 

1,130  73 

405  00 

250  00 

1,785  73 

320 

1,396  90 

500  00 

150  00 

150  00 

800  00 

356 

794  00 

1.363  41 

250  00 

1,613  41 

171 

1,244  86 

1,551  22 

225  00 

222  50 

1.998  72 

197 

964  82 

1,288  41 

73  00 

117  19 

1,478  60 

179 

871  42 

1,130  73 

187  50 

1.318  23 

285 

1,100  74 

1,288  41 

176~00 

263  15 

1,727  56 

194 

824  42 

1,288  41 

516  00 

250  00 

2,054  41 

266 

442  24 

1,288  41 

_ 

125  00 

1,413  41 

357 

589  15 

1,288  41 

160  00 

185  19 

1,633  60 

183 

1,025  94 

1,288  42 

96  00 

97  50 

1,481  92 

292 

560  00 

1,130  72 

54  00 

170  45 

1,355  17 

188 

452  33 

1,205  73 

80  00 

125  00 

1,410  73 

226 

327  67 

500  00 

_ 

131  58 

631  58 

290 

515  24 

1,205  73 

315  00 

156  25 

1,676  98 

167 

754  91 

1,363  41 

260  20 

215  50 

1,839  10 

145 

423  06 

1,288  41 

50  00 

172  42 

1,510  83 

151 

200  00 

1,288  42 

- 

125  00 

1,413  42 

204 

120  00 

575  00 

_ 

62  50 

637  50 

45 

75  00 

300  00 

_ 

300  00 

709 

346  25 

1,025  61 

_ 

62~50 

1,088  11 

107 

65  76 

1,100  61 

- 

125  00 

1,225  61 

98 

60  03 

575  00 

- 

69  45 

644  45 

52 

50 


Statistical  Exhibit  showing  Peincipal  Facts  relative  to  School 


n 

a 

!i 

s'S-S 

S 

m  ^ 

"SS 

S2>. 

S  I 

-Q§ 

3  g^ 

Hi 

.4 

* 

hi 

•11 

II 

III 

Ph 

w 

< 

> 

Towns  under  5,000  Population 
—  Con. 

10 

11 

12 

13 

310 

Carlisle 

$637  53 

_ 

79 

$6,040  00 

311 

Halifax, 

532  62 

- 

66 

9,353  00 

312 

Chesterfield 

637  53 

_ 

79 

4,050  00 

313 

Eastham,         ...                 ,         . 

572  97 

_ 

71 

6,718  00 

314 

Savoy 

613  32 

SI, 583  00 

76 

2,440  00 

315 

Wendell 

500  34 

_ 

62 

4,759  00 

316 

Otis 

726  30 

- 

90 

2,913  00 

317 

Warwick, 

911  91 

1,519  00 

113 

3,915  00 

318 

Pelham, 

605  25 

_ 

75 

3,819  00 

319 

Hancock 

597  18 

- 

74 

4,124  00 

320 

New  Braintree, 

637  53 

_ 

79 

5,072  00 

321 

Rowe, 

669  81 

_ 

83 

2,344  00 

322 

Greenwich, 

427  71 

_ 

63 

4,622  00 

323 

West  Tiabury 

51fi  48 

- 

64 

9.131  00 

324 

Philhpston 

605  25 

- 

75 

3.782  00 

325 

Hawley, 

637  53 

1,667  00 

79 

2,385  00 

326 

Westhampton 

685  95 

_ 

85 

2,845  00 

327 

Paxtcn 

613  32 

_ 

76 

4,466  00 

328 

Dunstable 

597  18 

_ 

74 

4,807  00 

329 

Plainfield 

459  99 

- 

57 

3,211  00 

330 

Windsor 

702  09 

1.431  00 

87 

3,320  00 

331 

Florida 

613  32 

_ 

76 

2,582  00 

332 

Monterey 

468  06 

- 

58 

5,531  00 

333- 

Tyringham, 

371  22 

- 

46 

7,743  00 

334 

Leyden,  

484  20 

- 

60 

2,863  00 

335 

Middlefield 

782  79 

2,226  00 

97 

2,034  00 

336 

Heath 

298  59 

326  00 

37 

4,859  00 

337 

Wales 

584  76 

_ 

68 

4,196  00 

338 

Prescott, 

476  13 

977  00 

59 

3,291  00 

339 

Boxborough,    .         .         . 

411  57 

51 

5,215  00 

340 

Chilmark, 

209  82 

_ 

26 

13,748  00 

341 

Goshen,  

419  64 

- 

52 

3,529  00 

342 

Washington, 

338  94 

- 

42 

6,957  00 

343 

Alford 

363  15 

_ 

45 

4,180  00 

344 

Mashpee, 

338  94 

- 

42 

5,387  00 

345 

Shutesbury, 

274  38 

_ 

34 

8,544  00 

346 

Monroe, 

419  64 

- 

52 

3,224  00 

347 

Peru,        

306  66 

529  00 

38 

3,817  00 

348 

Montgomery, 

266  31 

33 

4,602  00 

349 

Tolland 

161  40 

- 

20 

10,232  00 

350 

Gay  Head, 

266  31 

_ 

33 

1,386  00 

351 

Gosnold, 

88  77 

_ 

11 

64,465  00 

352 

HoUand 

112  98 

- 

14 

7,694  00 

353 

Mount  Washington 

129  12 

- 

16 

6,134  00 

354 

NewAshford, 

129  12 

- 

16 

3,285  00 

H 


51 


Support  in  the  Towns  and  Cities  of  Massachusetts  —  Concluded. 


port     per 

average 

ip      from 

(1909-10). 

support     per 
t    of     average 
bership      from 
tax  for  1909-10. 

o 
2 

i 

s 

1 

I 

sup 
t     of 
bersh 
urces 

i 

of 

03 -S 

lb 

«  =5 

8ci§ 

2 

.2| 

1" 

laS-S 

|sS^ 

g 

|a^ 

"cS  +3 

J^ 

^S 

S 

m 

H 

M 

p^ 

§ 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

$43  31 

$25  05 

$13  00 

$3  55 

.27 

178 

1389  00 

45  69 

25  93 

14  60 

3  56 

.25 

174 

432  00 

43  98 

19  29 

17  00 

4  79 

.28 

176 

340  00 

51  79 

20  48 

10  00 

3  75 

.38 

172 

450  00 

39  29 

16  53 

22  00 

5  93 

.27 

160 

357  00 

46  01 

17  59 

20  00 

4  33 

.22 

179 

348  00 

29  54 

17  98 

18  00 

4  51 

.25 

160 

256  00 

43  16 

24  15 

14  50 

6  31 

.44 

180 

400  00 

36  88 

8  74 

12  50 

2  15 

.17 

180 

396  00 

32  65 

12  83 

13  SO 

2  67 

.19 

172 

384  00 

36  23 

16  71 

12  25 

2  95 

.24 

175 

360  00 

34  62 

13  11 

22  00 

3  51 

.16 

165 

330  00 

44  62 

17  92 

14  00 

3  70 

.26 

179 

423  00 

43  17 

10  13 

5  50 

1  64 

.30 

174 

405  00 

33  87 

15  72 

18  30 

4  20 

.23 

182 

296  00 

37  11 

U  17 

20  50 

5  36 

.26 

163 

303  00 

30  27 

13  25 

15  00 

3  76 

.25 

168 

272  00 

40  91 

19  90 

15  00 

3  53 

.24 

176 

370  00 

46  60 

26  92 

14  00 

4  17 

.30 

180 

412  00 

44  27 

16  12 

17  50 

4  99 

.28 

165 

297  00 

36  43 

17  53 

16  60 

5  25 

.32 

160 

320  00 

27  41 

7  60 

20  00 

4  73 

.24 

162 

364  00 

42  82 

18  47 

12  00 

4  29 

.36 

180 

420  00 

44  97 

11  37 

12  50 

3  92 

.31 

176 

333  00 

35  03 

15  25 

18  00 

4  62 

.26 

162 

340  00 

37  53 

11  52 

18  00 

6  31 

.35 

172 

355  00 

66  52 

22  40 

17  00 

5  37 

.32 

170 

340  00 

35  82 

12  39 

11  50 

3  05 

.27 

170 

414  00 

40  61 

13  84 

12  60 

5  67 

.45 

178 

360  00 

58  19 

18  43 

12  80 

3  10 

.24 

180 

360  00 

69  90 

42  85 

10  40 

1  24 

.12 

171 

495  00 

45  29 

16  25 

18  00 

3  21 

.18 

165 

346  00 

59  37 

25  90 

17  00 

3  51 

.21 

176 

380  00 

46  89 

13  33 

14  00 

2  98 

.21 

194 

531  00 

41  94 

25  28 

20  80 

2  00 

.10 

172 

'  93  00 

45  05 

16  18 

15  00 

1  13 

.08 

178 

378  00 

36  95 

12  65 

15  20 

3  07 

.20 

180 

324  00 

58  54 

18  79 

19  00 

5  20 

.27 

180 

410  00 

56  95 

19  78 

13  00 

2  79 

.21 

170 

350  00 

69  52 

34  52 

16  00 

98 

.06 

180 

403  00 

43  14 

2  67 

8  68 

2  62 

.30 

174 

500  00 

55  68 

6  81 

4  39 

11 

.03 

180 

600  00 

65  98 

22  33 

16  00 

3  21 

.20 

180 

468  00 

72  82 

23  00 

18  50 

67 

.04 

193 

494  00 

55  78 

4  18 

19  00 

1  14 

.06 

185 

540  00 

52 


Appendix  B. 


Showing  the  Contributions  out  of  State  Revenues  for  the  Sup- 
port OF  Various  Forms  of  Education  for  the  Year  1910. 

To  towns  (Massachusetts  School  Fund), $238,749 

To  towns  (high  schools  and  superintendency  unions),  .         .         .       151,925 

To  normal  schools, 378,641 

To  vocational  schools, 46,170 

To  schools  for  deaf, 117,858 

To  schools  for  blind, 35,009 

To  schools  for  defectives  and  cripples, 369,341 

To  schools  for  delinquents, 235,385 

To  higher  technical  education, 316,741 

The  foregoing  table  illustrates  the  activity  of  the  State  in  providing  aid 
for  certain  special  forms  of  education.  The  proceeds  of  the  Massachusetts 
School  Fund  are  applied  exclusively  to  towns  of  a  valuation  not  exceeding 
$2,500,000,  and  without  reference  to  the  number  of  children  to  be  educated. 
High  school  aid  is  given  in  the  form  of  an  annual  grant  of  $500  to  towns 
that  voluntarily  maintain  high  schools,  when  not  required  to  do  so  by  law. 
Aid  is  also  given  to  pay  the  tuition  expenditures  of  small  towns  sending 
their  children  outside  the  town  for  education.  The  State  contributes  $750 
towards  the  support  of  a  superintendent  and  $500  towards  teachers'  salaries 
in  unions  required  by  law  to  have  such  superintendents.  The  annual  outlay 
for  vocational  schools  is  expected  to  increase  substantially  within  the  next 
few  years.  The  Legislature  of  1911  provided  for  an  annual  appropriation 
of  $100,000  to  the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology;  while  the  Legis- 
lature of  .1^12  increased  the  appropriation  made  for  the  use  of  the  Worces- 
ter Polytechnic  Institute.  A  few  minor  forms  of  State  assistance  (for  ex- 
ample, the  maintenance  of  classes  in  certain  prisons  and  the  payment  of 
tuition  for  State  wards  domiciled  in  towns  and  cities)  do  not  appear  in 
the  above  table. 

In  comparison  with  other  States,  it  is  probable  that  Massachusetts  will 
not  be  found  to  contribute  more  relatively  for  these  special  forms  of  educa- 
tion than  other  States.  Western,  southern  and  north  central  States  fre- 
quently maintain  State  universities.  Large  State  schools  for  delinquents, 
for  defectives  and  for  orphans  are  found  in  many  States.  Almost  every- 
where the  training  of  teachers  is  now  accepted  as  a  State  function. 


53 


Appendix    C. 


Showing,  by  Percentages,  Proportions  of  School  Revenue  derived 
FROM  Various  Sources,  in  All  States,  1909-10. 

Taken  from  the  Report  of  the  Commissioner  of  Education,  Washington,  for  1911. 


Per 

CENT.   OF   WHOLE   REVENUE 

DERIVED 

FROM  — 

States. 

Permanent 

Other 

funds 

State  tax. 

Local  tax. 

and  rents. 

sources. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

United  States, 

3.2 

14.9 

72.1 

9.8 

North  Atlantic  division. 

.7 

11.6 

76.7 

11.0 

South  Atlantic  division, 

1.2 

30.8 

60.8 

7.2 

South  central  division,    . 

7.6 

36.0 

48.6 

7.8 

North  central  division, 

4.7 

10.0 

74.7 

10.6 

Western  division. 

3.9 

16.5 

73.7 

5.9 

North  Atlantic  division: 

— 

Maine, 

1.3 

35.2 

61.8 

1.7 

New  Hampshire, 

7.0 

88.2 

4.8 

Vermont,    . 

3.3 

16.6 

77.3 

2.9 

Massachusetts,  . 

1.1 

.9 

96.8 

1.2 

Rhode  Island,    . 

1.9 

6.7 

90.9 

.5 

Connecticut, 

1.9 

12.1 

80.6 

5.4 

New  York, 

.6 

9.0 

87.0 

3.4 

New  Jersey, 

.1 

17.6 

66.9 

15.5 

Pennsylvania,    . 

- 

16.6 

59.7 

24. 7» 

South  Atlantic  division: 

— 

Delaware,  . 

6.9 

26.8 

64.4 

2.9 

Maryland,  . 

1.2 

38.0 

60.8 

District  of  Columbia 

- 

50. 0» 

60.0 

_ 

Virginia,     . 

1.0 

38.1 

51.7 

9.2 

West  Virginia,    . 

2.0 

17.0 

72.0 

9.0 

North  Carolina, 

_i 

9.0 

88.0 

3.0 

South  Carolina, 

- 

3.9 

83.9 

12.2 

Georgia,     . 

2.0 

51.0 

29.6 

17.4 

Florida, 

2.6 

11.0 

83.3 

3.2 

South  central  division:  — 

Kentucky, 

-1 

63.0 

40.0 

7.0 

Tennessee, 

2.9 

13.0 

67.1 

17.0 

Alabama,   . 

4.7 

69.4 

24.0 

1.9 

Mississippi, 

10.1 

45.1 

40.7 

4.1 

Louisiana, 

2.8 

22.5 

57.8 

16.9 

Texas, 

16.2 

41.0 

38.9 

3.9 

Arkansas,  . 

1.5 

33.8 

59.2 

5.5 

Oklahoma,  * 

15.8 

-i 

76.0 

8.2 

North  central  division:  - 

Ohio, 

1.0 

9.2 

82.7 

7.1 

Indiana,     . 

4.5 

16.5 

71.6 

7.4 

Illinois, 

2.4 

2.8 

78.8 

16.0 

Michigan,  . 

2.5« 

38. 6« 

51.9 

7.0 

Wisconsin, 

1.7« 

14. 1« 

65.7 

18.5 

Minnesota, 

6.1 

14.7 

59.9 

19. 3« 

Iowa, 

7.5 

0.0 

81.1 

11.4 

Missouri,     . 

6.9 

12.5 

80.6 

_ 

North  Dakota,  . 

19.7 

.8^ 

75.0 

4.5 

South  Dakota,  . 

14.9 

- 

78.2 

6.9 

Nebraska,  . 

8.4 

.5» 

75.1 

16.0 

Kansas, 

6.1 

_ 

93.8 

.1 

Western  division:  — 

Montana,    . 

6.7 

— 

87.9 

5.4 

Wyoming,  . 

19.5 

- 

77.5 

3.0 

Colorado,   . 

2.3 

- 

86.4 

11.3 

New  Mexico, 

7.8 

_ 

85.2 

7.0 

Arizona,     . 

7.4 

78.4 

14.2 

Utah, 

4T3 

22.5 

73.2 

_ 

Nevada,     . 

- 

35.0 

51.1 

13.9 

Idaho, 

- 

14.0 

79.4 

6.6 

Washington, 

7.0« 

21.4« 

64.8 

6.8 

Oregon, 

6.9 

— 

80.0 

13.1 

California, 

1.7 

26.4 

69.8 

2.1 

>  Included  in  column  3. 

»  Includes  receipts  from  bond  sales. 

'  Federal  appropriation. 

*  Statistics  of  1908-09. 


Included  in  column  2. 
Based  on  approximate. 
For  high  schools  only. 
To  aid  weak  districts. 


54 


The  foregoing  table  exhibits,  when 'interpreted  broadly,  prevailing  prac- 
tices relative  to  the  distribution  of  the  cost  of  public  education.  Caution 
should  be  exercised  in  drawing  from  it  specific  conclusions,  since  many  facts 
not  here  presented  should  be  known  in  order  to  render  exact  comparisons 
and  inferences  possible. 

It  is  evident  that  in  most  of  the  States  of  the  Union  it  has  become  cus- 
tomary to  assist  local  communities  toward  the  support  of  schools  by  means 
of  contributions  derived  either  from  State  taxation  or  from  the  income  of 
permanent  funds.  No  other  State  in  the  Union  devolves  upon  the  local  com- 
munity so  large  a  proportion  of  the  support  of  its  public  schools  as 
Massachusetts.  Maine  contributes  over  35  per  cent,  of  the  cost  of  public 
education  out  of  the  proceeds  of  State  taxation;  Vermont,  New  Jersey  and 
Pennsylvania  contribute  over  15  per  cent. ;  and,  with  the  exception  of  Kansas, 
all  the  States  of  the  north  central  division  receive  at  least  17  per  cent,  of  the 
cost  of  public  education  from  State  revenues  or  sources  other  than  local 
taxation.     A  similar  condition  holds  throughout  the  western  division. 

It  must  be  remembered  that  in  many  of  the  States  contributions  from 
the  State  are  so  distributed  as  to  equalize  educational  burdens  on  the  one 
hand  and  educational  opportunities  on  the  other.  In  the  north  central  and 
western  States,  systems  of  distributing  State  funds  have  become  compli- 
cated and  finely  balanced,  with  a  view  to  obtaining  the  above  results.  In 
the  southern  States,  in  some  cases,  the  taxes  collected  by  the  State  are  still 
returned  to  each  community  somewhat  in  proportion  to  receipts  from  such 
communities,  hence  less  is  accomplished  in  the  way  of  equalizing  burdens  and 
opportunities. 

Certain  facts  regarding  State  aid  are  not  revealed  by  the  foregoing 
table.  The  contributions  made  by  Massachusetts  out  of  the  income  of  the 
Massachusetts  School  Fund  and  out  of  taxation  are  for  the  benefit  only 
of  communities  having  a  valuation  of  $2,500,000  or  less.  The  communities 
having  a  greater  valuation  receive  absolutely  no  assistance  from  the  State 
towards  the  support  of  public  schools.  Furthermore,  in  many  of  the  west- 
ern and  north  central  States  the  territorial  unit  of  school  maintenance  is 
often  the  county,  which,  being  a  larger  area  than  the  town,  and  representing 
more  varied  conditions  as  regards  distribution  of  population  and  wealth, 
makes  possible  greater  equalization  of  educational  burdens  and  opportunities, 
even  by  means  of  local  taxation. 


55 


Appendix  D. 


Taxation  for  Schools  in  Various  States. 

From  Bulletin  of  Bureau  of  Education,  Washington,  dated  January,  1911. 

Alabama.  —  State  school  tax,  3  mills.  An  additional  appropriation  of 
$67,000  is  made  annually  to  aid  in  the  construction  of  rural  schoolhouses. 

All  poll  taxes  are  retained  in  the  several  counties  for  school  purposes. 
Counties  may  levy  special  tax  of  not  over  1  mill  if  approved  by  three  fifths 
of  those  voting  at  election. 

Arizona.  —  Territorial  school  tax,  .3  mill. 

County  tax  not  less  than  5  nor  over  9  mills.  Trustees  of  school  districts 
shall  levy  a  district  tax  if  territorial  and  county  funds  are  not  sufficient 
to  maintain  schools  six  months.  Longer  term  and  tax  therefor  determined 
in  district  meeting.  Bonds  and  tax  to  pay  same  may  be  voted  in  district 
meeting. 

Arkansas.  —  State  school  tax,  3  mills. 

District  meeting  may  levy  tax  of  not  over  7  mills. 

California.  —  State  tax  for  elementary  schools,  sufficient  to  produce  $7 
for  each  child  between  five  and  seventeen. 

County  tax,  not  over  5  mills,  and  not  less  than  sufficient  to  produce,  with 
receipts  from  State,  $550  for  each  teacher.  District  taxes  (determined  by 
majority  at  election)  not  over  7  mills  for  building  and  not  over  3  mills 
for  other  school  purposes.     Special  taxes  for  high  schools. 

Colorado.  —  No  State  tax  for  education  except  for  higher  institutions. 

Compulsory  county  tax,  not  less  than  2  nor  more  than  5  mills.  Special 
school  tax  certified  by  district  school  board  to  county  commissioners,  and 
levied  in  and  credited  to  the  district  concerned;  maximum,  15  mills  in 
third  class  districts. 

Connecticut.  —  State  grant  from  general  funds,  $2.25  for  each  child ;  aid 
to  weak  districts. 

School  districts  may  levy  taxes  and  borrow  money  for  school  purposes. 
Towns  may  abolish  the  school  districts  and  assume  direct  control  of  the 
schools.  Towns  must  levy  and  expend  a  school  tax  of  4  mills  in  order  to 
receive  a  share  of  the  State  apportionment. 

Delaware.  —  Legislative  appropriation  for  schools  must  be  not  less  than 
$132,000  annually. 

Each  district  in  Newcastle  and  Kent  counties  must  raise  a  minimum  of 
$100,  and  each  district  in  Sussex  County  must  raise  at  least  $60,  by  taxa- 
tion. District  meetings  may,  by  majority  vote,  determine  to  raise  a  greater 
sum,  either  by  taxation  or  by  subscription. 

Florida.  —  State  school  tax,  1  mill. 

County  tax  must  be  not  less  than  3  nor  more  than  7  mills.  Districts  may 
vote  tax  (by  majority),  not  over  3  mills. 

Georgia.  —  The   Legislature    makes   annual   appropriations   from   general 


56 

funds.  Receipts  from  poll  taxes  are  devoted  to  schools.  Amount  in  1908- 
09,  $2,203,128. 

Maximum  county  tax,  5  mills;  two-thirds  of  those  voting  at  election  must 
approve.  Maximum  district  tax,  5  mills  j  two-thirds  of  those  voting  at 
election  must  approve. 

Idaho.  —  County  tax,  not  less  than  5  nor  over  10  mills.  District  meeting, 
or  election  (majority),  may  vote  not  over  15  mills.  Boards  of  trustees  of 
independent  districts  may  levy  not  over  20  mills. 

Illinois.  —  State  appropriation,  $1,000,000  annually. 

Directors  of  each  district  may  levy  1%  per  cent,  for  educational  and  % 
per  cent,  for  building  purposes;  no  election  necessary.  Majority  voting  at 
special  election  may  authorize  issue  of  bonds  for  sites  and  buildings. 

Indiana.  —  State  school  tax,  13.6  mills;  poll  tax,  50  cents. 

Local  tuition  tax,  5  mills,  and  25  cents  on  each  poll.  Special  school  rev- 
enue tax  (local),  5  mills,  and  $1  on  each  poll;  may  be  used  for  any  school 
purpose,  but  for  salaries  and  tuition  only  when  tuition  funds  are  exhausted. 
Special  tax  to  pay  bonds,  not  over  2.5  mills. 

loiva.  —  No  State  school  tax. 

District  (township)  meeting  may  vote  a  tax,  not  over  10  mills,  for  sites, 
buildings,  bonds  and  libraries.  Meetings  of  subdistricts  may  vote  to  raise  a 
greater  amount  of  schoolhouse  tax  than  was  voted  by  the  meeting  of  the 
school  township;  maximum  of  both,  15  mills.  Tax  for  contingent  and 
teachers'  fund  is  determined  by  the  board  of  directors  of  the  school  town- 
ship, and  must  not  exceed  $20,  including  State  apportionment,  for  each 
person  of  school  age  (five  to  twenty-one)  for  teachers,  and  $7  for  each 
person  of  school  age  for  contingencies,  and  $5  per  scholar  for  transporta- 
tion of  pupils;  $270  for  the  teacher  and  $75  for  contingencies  may  be  levied 
in  subdistricts  in  which  these  sums  exceed  the  limits  before  named. 

Kansas.  —  No  State  school  tax. 

Annual  district  meeting  may  vote  school  tax  not  exceeding  3.5  mills,  but 
this  limit  may  be  raised  by  affirmative  vote  of  three  fourths  of  those  voting 
at  a  special  election.  If  district  meeting  fails  to  vote  a  school  tax,  county 
officers  make  the  estimate  and  levy.  County  high  school  tax,  %  mill.  Limit 
of  levy  in  cities,  6  mills. 

Kentucky.  —  State  school  tax,  26.5  mills. 

County  school  tax  not  over  2  mills  and  poll  tax  $1.  Districts  may  vote 
tax  (majority)  not  to  exceed  2.5  mills.  Graded  school  districts  may  le\7- 
tax  not  to  exceed  5  mills  and  $1.50  per  capita  if  favored  by  majority 
voting  at  election. 

Louisiana.  —  State  school  tax,  2  mills ;  tax  on  inheritances  devoted  to 
schools. 

Compulsory  parish  (county)  tax  not  less  than  3  mills.  Special  school 
district  taxes  may  be  levied  or  bonds  issued  by  majority  vote.  Poll  tax 
of  $1  is  a  parish  school  tax. 

Maine.  —  State  school  taxes:  1.5  mills,  known  as  the  "mill  tax;  "  and  1.5 
mills,  known  as  the  "  common  school  tax." 

Every  town  shall  raise  and  expend  for  schools  at  least  80  cents  for  each 
inhabitant. 

Maryland.  —  State  school  tax,  1.5  mills. 

Minimum  county  tax  for  schools,  1.5  mills;  maximum  actually  levied, 
4.66  mills. 


57 

Michigan. —  Proceeds  of  certain  taxes  on  corporations  are  devoted  to 
schools  under  the  name  "Common  school  interest  fund;  "  amount  in  1908- 
09,  $5,199,041. 

One  mill  tax  is  annually  levied  by  township  supervisor,  and  the  several 
amounts  received  are  apportioned  to  districts  in  which  they  are  respec- 
tively raised.  District  school  board  determines  amount  necessary  to  be 
raised  in  addition  to  district  tax  for  teachers'  wages  and  incidental  expenses. 
District  meeting  determines  tax  for  schoolhouses  and  for  general  purposes. 

Minnesota.  —  State  school  tax,  1  mill. 

"  County  tax  "  of  1  mill  is  apportioned  to  the  districts,  returning  to  each 
the  amount  raised  in  that  district.  Common  school  districts  may  vote  tax 
not  over  15  mills  for  the  support  of  schools  and  10  mills  for  buildings; 
under  certain  conditions  the  latter  may  be  increased  to  25  mills.  In  inde- 
pendent districts  maximum  tax  for  buildings  is  8  mills. 

Mississippi.  —  Legislative  appropriations  are  made  for  schools ;  amount 
in  1908-09,  $1,208,984, 

Poll  taxes  are  returned  to  the  counties  in  which  they  are  raised,  for  the 
use  of  schools.  Any  county  or  separate  school  district  may  levy  tax  for 
schools.  No  tax  in  excess  of  3  mills  shall  be  levied  without  the  consent 
of  the  majority  of  the  taxpayers.  Annual  elections  are  not  necessary. 
"When  rate  of  tax  is  once  fixed  by  vote,  it  shall  so  remain  until  changed 
by  another  election. 

Missouri.  —  One  third  of  the  ordinary  revenue  of  the  State  is  devoted 
to  schools;   amount  in  1908-09,  $1,377,320. 

District  school  directors  certify  amount  required  for  schools,  and  the 
necessary  taxes  are  levied  by  county  courts.  Maximum  in  large  cities,  6 
mills,  and  in  other  districts,  4  mills.  For  buildings,  rate  may  be  increased 
by  two  thirds  vote  of  qualified  electors. 

Montana.  —  The  State  school  tax  formerly  levied  has  been  discontinued. 

Each  county  must  levy  school  tax  of  4  mills.  Board  of  school  trustees  of 
each  district  may  levy  a  special  tax  of  not  over  10  mills. 

NehrasTca.  —  There  is  now  no  State  school  tax,  but  appropriations  are 
made  from  general  funds   ($75,000  in  1909)  to  aid  weak  districts. 

Annual  district  meeting  votes  school  tax,  not  over  25  mills;  the  county 
board  levies  it.  If  district  meeting  fails  to  vote  tax,  county  superintendent 
estimates  the  amount  necessary,  and  county  clerk  levies  the  same.  Annual 
meeting  may  vote  additional  tax  of  10  mills  for  buildings,  and  an  additional 
tax  for  high  schools.     Tax  to  pay  bonds  may  also  be  additional. 

Nevada.  —  State  school  tax,  .6  mill. 

Boards  of  county  commissioners  shall  levy  county  tax  of  not  less  than  1.5 
nor  more  than  5  mills.  Distript  board  of  school  trustees  shall  levy  tax  suffi- 
cient, with  State  and  county  funds,  for  six  months  of  school.  District  tax 
for  schoolhouses  and  for  longer  school  term  may  be  levied  upon  approval 
of  majority  of  electors. 

Neiu  Hampshire.  —  Eeceipts  from  certain  taxes  upon  banks,  loan  and 
trust  companies,  etc.,  form  the  "literary  fund,"  and  as  such  are  distributed 
to  towns  for  maintenance  of  schools.  A  legislative  appropriation  of  $80,- 
000  annually  is  principally  to  aid  weak  districts,  to  encourage  the  employ- 
ment of  normal  graduates,  to  encourage  professional  supervision  and  to 
aid  high  schools. 


58 

The  selectmen  of  each  town  shall  assess  annually  upon  the  polls  and 
ratable  estate  taxable  therein  a  sum  equal  to  $750  for  every  dollar  of  the 
public  taxes  apportioned  to  such  town.  The  school  board  of  each  district 
shall  estimate  the  amount  required  for  supplies  and  miscellaneous  purposes, 
and  the  selectmen  shall  raise  by  taxation  the  sum  required.  Any  district 
may  raise  money  for  sfehools  in  addition  to  the  sum  required  by  law. 
Money  for  buildings  shall  be  raised  only  in  a  lawful  meeting  of  the  district. 

New  Jersey.  —  Certain  receipts  from  taxes  upon  railroads  are  apportioned 
to  the  counties  for  school  purposes;  amount  in  1908-09,  $2,254,509.  The 
Legislature  shall  annually  appropriate  for  schools  from  general  funds  not 
less  than  $100,000;  the  sum  appropriated  was  $1,031,437  for  1908-09,  but 
only  $100,000  for  1909-10.  A  tax  ("State  school  tax")  shall  be  levied, 
which,  with  last-named  appropriation,  shall  equal  a  tax  of  2.75  mills.  Ten 
per  cent,  of  this  tax  is  known  as  a  "  reserve  fund,"  and  is  apportioned  by 
the  State  Board  of  Education;  amount  in  1908-09,  $405,136.  Special 
appropriations  amounting  to  $203,100  were  made  by  the  Legislature  for 
1908-09. 

Ninety  per  cent,  of  the  "State  school  tax"  of  2.75  mills  is  returned  to 
the  respective  counties  from  which  it  came,  and  that  tax  is  to  that  extent 
a  compulsory  county  tax.  District  meetings  may  levy  special  district  taxes 
for  buildings  and  current  expenses,  including  salaries,  and  also  taxes  to 
pay  bonds. 

New  Mexico.  —  "  The  territorial  tax  "  of  3  mills  is  a  compulsory  county 
tax.  District  school  directors  may  levy  tax  of  not  over  5  mills  without 
election,  or  from  5  to  15  mills  with  approval  of  majority  voting  at  special 
election. 

New  YorTc.  —  Annual  appropriations  are  made  by  the  Legislature  from 
general  funds;  amount  applicable  to  the  public  school  system  in  1908-09, 
$5,155,460. 

District  meeting  may  vote  tax  for  schoolhouses,  w^ages  and  general  school 
purposes. 

North  Carolina.  —  The  Legislature  makes  appropriations  from  general 
funds;  amount  in  1908-09,  $234,398.     Compulsory  county  tax,  1.8  mills. 

Special  county  tax  from  .1  to  .5  mill  and  from  3  to  15  cents  per  capita. 
Special  tax  may  be  voted  in  cities,  towns  and  school  districts,  not  to  exceed 
3  mills,  by  vote  of  majority  at  election. 

North  Dakota.  —  The  Legislature  makes  an  annual  appropriation 
($45,000)  to  aid  high  schools. 

County  taxes,  2  mills,  and  $1  per  capita,  were  formerly  paid  into  the 
State  treasury,  but  are  now  retained  in  the  several  counties.  The  district 
school  board  shall  levy  a  district  tax  of  not  over  30  mills,  but  20  mills 
additional  may  be  levied  to  pay  judgments. 

Ohio.  —  State  school  tax,  2  mills. 

Each  board  of  education  of  a  city,  village,  township  or  special  district 
fixes  the  rate  of  taxation  to  be  levied  for  all  school  purposes;  maximum,  12 
mills;  may  be  increased  5  mills  by  majority  vote  of  electors.  The  levy 
in  city  school  districts  shall  be  not  less  than  6  mjlls.  There  are  other 
taxes  for  specific  purposes,  such  as  manual  training,  compulsory  education, 
high  schools,  etc. 

OTclahoma.  —  State  tax,  .25  mill. 


59 

Maximum  county  levy,  1  mill  for  common  schools  and  1  mill  for  high 
schools.  District  levy,  5  mills  for  support  of  schools,  which  may  be  in- 
creased to  10  mills  by  majority  vote  at  election;  and  5  mills  for  building. 

Oregon.  —  No  State  school  tax. 

County  court  must  levy  tax  to  produce  at  least  $7  for  each  child  of  school 
age   (four  to  twenty).     District  tax,  at  least  5  mills. 

Pennsylvania.  —  The  legislative  appropriation  for  schools  is  larger  than 
in  any  other  State;  amount  applicable  to  the  public  schools  in  1908-09, 
$7,262,500. 

The  school  directors,  or  controllers,  of  every  district  determine  the  amount 
of  school  tax  which  shall  be  levied  on  their  district.  Building  tax,  if  any 
is  required,  must  be  levied  at  the  same  time  and  in  the  same  manner  as 
the  ordinary  school  tax.     Limit  for  ordinary  school  tax,  13  mills. 

Bliode  Island.  —  Legislative  appropriations  are  made  from  general  funds ; 
amount  in  1908-09,  $153,659. 

Towns  may  at  any  legal  meeting  grant  and  vote  such  sums  of  money  as 
they  shall  judge  necessary  for  the  support  of  schools,  schoolhouses  and 
school  libraries.  No  town  shall  receive  from  the  State  appropriation  a 
sum  greater  than  the  amount  raised  for  schools  by  taxation  by  such  town. 

South  Carolina.  —  Legislative  appropriations  are  made  from  State  funds 
to  aid  weak  districts  ($20,000)  and  high  schools  ($50,000). 

Compulsory  county  tax,  3  mills;  poll  tax,  $1;  retained  in  the  several 
districts.  A  special  district  tax  of  not  over  8  mills  may  be  levied  by 
majority  vote  at  election. 

Tennessee.  —  One  fourth  the  gross  revenue  of  the  State  is  set  apart  for 
education,  61  per  cent,  being  apportioned  to  the  counties,  10  per  cent,  form- 
ing a  special  fund  to  aid  weak  districts,  8  per  cent,  for  high  schools,  1  per 
cent,  for  libraries,  13  per  cent,  for  normal  schools,  and  7  per  cent,  for  the 
State  university. 

Poll  tax,  $1;  retained  in  the  counties.  Compulsory  county  school  tax,  1.5 
mills.  The  county  court  may  levy  district  tax  or  submit  question  of  taxa- 
tion to  the  voters  of  the  district.  Cities  and  towns  may  levy  tax  for  high 
schools  and  for  buildings.  County  courts  may  levy  tax  of  1.5  mills  for 
county  high  schools. 

Texas.  —  State  taxes,  2  mills,  and  $1  per  capita. 

District  tax,  of  not  over  5  mills,  determined  by  majority  vote  at  election. 

TJtali.  —  Maximum  county  tax,  4  i^ills,  levied  by  county  commissioners. 
Special  district  tax  of  not  over  2  per  cent,  of  taxable  property  in  district; 
voted  by  district  meeting. 

Vermont.  —  State  school  tax,  "  8  cents  on  the  grand  list."  Special  appro- 
priations are  made  for  specific  purposes. 

Each  town  shall  appropriate  for  schools  not  less  than  one  fifth  the  grand 
list  of  the  town.  District  may  vote  taxes  for  the  support  of  schools  and  for 
building. 

Virginia.  —  State  taxes  for  schools  vary  with  the  different  classes  of 
property,  but  the  amount  appropriated  for  elementary  schools  must  be  equal 
to  a  tax  of  not  less  than  1  nor  more  than  5  mills;  poll  tax  for  schools,  $1. 

Each  county,  city,  town  and  school  district  may  levy  a  school  tax  not  to 
exceed  in  the  aggregate  5  mills.  County  school  tax,  levied  by  supervisors, 
not   less  than   .75  mill   nor   more  than    2   mills.     County   supervisors   shall 


60 

also  levy  tax  in  each  district  of  not  less  than  .75  mill  nor  more  than  2 
mills.  Amount  of  levy  by  supervisors  may  be  increased  by  popular  vote 
(majority). 

Washington.  —  State  tax,  an  amount  sufficient,  with  income  from  other 
sources,  to  produce  $10  for  each  child;  maximum,  5  mills. 

Compulsory  county  tax,  amounting  to  $10  for  each  child;  maximum,  5 
mills.  District  taxes  are  determined  by  the  district  board  of  school  direc- 
tors, and  shall  not  exceed  1  per  cent,  of  the  assessed  value  of  taxable 
property  of  the  district;  but  additional  taxes,  not  to  exceed  in  all  2  per 
cent,  of  such  value,  may  be  levied  with  approval  of  majority  at  popular 
election.     Districts  may  issue  bonds  if  approved  at  election. 

West  Virginia.  —  State  poll  tax,  $1.  Legislative  appropriation  sufficient 
in  amount  to  bring  the  sum  distributed  by  the  State  to  a  total  of  $750,000. 

Maximum  district  tax  for  teachers,  25  mills;  for  building,  12.5  mills; 
may  be  increased  under  certain  conditions;  is  levied  by  district  board  of 
education. 

Wisconsin.  —  State  school  tax,  .7  mill;  $200,000  annually  appropriated 
from  license  and  corporation  taxes;  special  appropriations  are  made  for 
specific  purposes. 

District  meeting  may  vote  tax  for  building  and  for  wages  and  for  cur- 
rent expenses,  etc.  Maximum  district  tax,  2  per  cent,  of  the  taxable  prop- 
erty. The  county  board  determines  the  amounts  to  be  raised  for  common 
schools  in  each  town  under  the  township  system. 

Wyoming.  —  Compulsory  county  tax  (called  "State  tax"),  3  mills,  and 
$2  per  capita.  District  meeting  may  vote  a  school  tax  of  not  over  10 
mills. 

An  examination  of  the  foregoing  data  will  show  that  in  a  large  number 
of  States  there  is  a  fixed  tax  levy  for  school  purposes  made  on  the  prop- 
erty in  the  State.  Even  if  the  proceeds  are  not  always  large,  the  system 
of  distribution  employed  is  usually  such  as  to  affect  at  least  a  partial  equal- 
ization of  the  burdens  of  school  support,  and  a  corresponding  equalization 
of  school  opportunities. 

In  many  of  the  western  States  the  unit  of  taxation  for  a  larger  part  of 
school  maintenance  is  the  country,  —  an  area  sufficiently  large  to  equalize 
in  large  measure  variations  among  districts  in  ability  to  support  the  schools. 

In  a  number  of  States,  such  as  New  Jersey,  New  York,  Pennsylvania, 
New  Hampshire,  Illinois  and  Michigan,  where  the  system  of  State  taxation 
has  recently  been  modified  in  such  a  way  that  State  revenues  are  now 
derived  in  great  part  from  indirect  taxation,  the  State's  contribution  to  the 
support  of  public  schools  takes  the  form  of  annual  grants,  the  amounts  of 
which  are  sometimes  fixed  by  general  law. 


61 


Appendix  E. 


History  of  Recent  Efforts  to  obtain  State  Aid  for  Education 
IN  Massachusetts. 

In  1871,  the  secretary  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  Mr.  Joseph 
White,  recommended  in  the  annual  report  of  the  Board  that  a  half  mill  tax 
be  levied  for  the  support  of  public  schools,  and  distributed  on  the  basis  of 
the  number  of  children  to  be  educated.  He  pointed  out  that  this  was  highly 
desirable  in  order  to  equalize  educational  advantages  and  to  diminish  the 
educational  burden  on  poorer  communities.  He  pointed  out  that  the  State 
imposed  educational  requirements  on  all  communities  and  fixed  the  course 
of  study,  but  that  the  richer  communities  were  able  constantly  to  draft  the 
services  of  the  better  teachers,  leaving  poorer  communities,  of  necessity,  to 
have  short  terms  and  inferior  teaching.  For  three  or  four  years  Mr.  White 
worked  hard  to  secure  legislation  establishing  the  half  mill  tax,  but  nothing 
came  of  his  efforts. 

Supporters  of  the  movement  for  a  mill  tax  presented  to  the  Legislature 
of  1884  a  renewed  demand  for  State  assistance.  The  matter  was  referred 
to  the  next  General  Court,  and  in  the  following  year  was  referred  again. 
In  1887,  it  was  made  an  issue  in  the  fall  elections.  In  1888,  the  question 
was  again  brought  before  the  Legislature ;  it  was  complicated  to  some  extent 
by  the  fact  that  Secretary  Dickinson  of  the  State  Board  was  at  the  same 
time  pressing  his  measure  for  district  supervision. 

In  1895,  some  members  of  the  Legislature  again  attempted  to  secure  mill 
tax  legislation,  but  the  Legislature  referred  it  to  the  next  General  Court. 
In  1896,  a  bill  was  carried  through  the  House  but  defeated  in  the  Senate. 
In  1897,  a  mill  tax  bill  was  carried  through  both  House  and  Senate,  but  was 
vetoed  by  Governor  Wolcott.  The  movement  was  revived  during  the  gov- 
ernorship of  Governor  Crane,  through  whose  efforts  a  commission  was  ap- 
pointed to  investigate  the  whole  question.  This  commission  proposed  a  new 
scheme  for  the  distribution  of  the  income  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund, 
wherSby  the  entire  income  of  that  fund  was  to  go  to  the  support  of  schools 
in  towns  not  exceeding  a  valuation  of  $2,500,000  each,  the  normal  schools, 
which  had  hitherto  been  partly  supported  by  the  income  of  the  Massachu- 
setts School  Fund,  to  be  henceforth  supported  by  State  taxation.  No  recom- 
mendation was  made  by  this  commission  in  favor  of  a  mill  tax. 


62 


Appendix  F 


Reasons  commonly  urged  in  Support  of,  and  in  Opposition  to,"| 
Increased  State  Support  for  Public  Education. 

In  support  of  State  contributions  the  following  reasons  are  frequently 
urged: — 

(a)  The  State  prescribes  the  scope  and  character  of  public  schools.  The 
Constitution  directs  that  the  Legislature  shall  "  cherish  the  interests  of 
literature  and  of  science."  By  legislation  the  minimum  length  of  school 
year  is  fixed:  towns  having  more  than  500  families  are  required  to  main- 
tain high  schools  for  ten  months  in  the  year,  and  the  subjects  therein  to 
be  taught  are  prescribed.  Legislation  of  1883-86  compels  the  maintenance 
of  evening  schools,  and,  in  larger  places,  of  evening  high  schools.  Since  1884, 
towns  are  compelled  by  law  to  furnish  text-books  and  other  supplies  to  every 
pupil,  free  of  expense.  Towns  not  supporting  high  schools  are  required  in 
many  cases  to  pay  the  tuition  of  high  school  children  going  to  other  towns 
to  school;  and  towns  not  maintaining  vocational  schools  must  pay  half  the 
tuition  of  residents  attending  such  schools  elsewhere.  Towns  are  also 
restricted,  by  recent  legislation,  in  the  employment  of  high  school  teachers, 
to  persons  who  have  been  certificated  by  the  State  Board.  In  these  and 
other  respects  the  State  fixes  the  scope  and  character  of  public  instruction, 
thus  making  mandatory  upon  communities  the  meeting  of  the  necessary 
obligations,  irrespective  of  the  ability  of  such  communities  to  raise  the 
necessary  money  for  these  purposes. 

Again,  it  can  be  urged  that  the  State  is  a  political  unit,  and  that  its 
contributions  towards  public  education  are  made  for  the  purpose  of  insur- 
ing as  large  a  proportion  as  possible  of  adequately  trained  citizens.  From 
this  point  of  view,  therefore,  the  State  is  equally  interested  in  the  education 
of  all  the  children  of  the  State,  and  should  be  especially  interested  in  sup- 
plementing local  communities  in  bringing  about  equality  of  educational 
opportunities. 

(&)  The  burden  of  the  support  of  public  education  falls  unequalTy  on 
the  different  communities  of  the  State.  For  example,  a  man  owning  $10,000 
worth  of  taxable  property  must,  if  he  live  in  Abington,  pay  a  school  tax 
of  $91;  in  Saugus,  $72;  in  Ashland,  $59;  in  Williamstown,  $56;  in  Fall 
Eiver,  $46;  in  Springfield,  $44;  in  Boston,  $28.80;  in  Pelham,  $21,  and  in 
Brookline,  $20. 

In  Abington,  the  above  tax  provides  $30  for  each  pupil  in  attendance  on 
the  public  schools,  and  enables  the  town  to  pay  a  median  salary  *  to  elemen- 
tary teachers  of  $600.     In  Saugus,  these  figures  are  $25  and  $500;  in  Ash- 

1  When  the  numbers  representing  the  salaries  paid  a  group  of  teachers  are  arranged  in  order 
from  the  lowest  to  the  highest,  the  middle  number  indicates  the  "  median"  salary.  It  is  not 
unlike  the  "average"  salary. 


63 

land,  $25  and  $399;  in  Williamstown,  $26  and  $418;  in  Fall  River,  $29 
and  $660;  in  Springfield,  $40  and  $750;  while  in  Pelham,  the  tax  of  $21 
yields  $7.40  per  pupil  and  enables  the  town  to  pay  $396  for  each  teacher; 
in  Brookline,  the  tax  of  $20  yields  $59  per  pupil,  and  enables  that  town 
to  pay  $850  as  the  median  salary  to  teachers. 

In  former  times  the  distribution  of  taxable  wealth  was  less  dispropor- 
tionate, owing  to  the  fact  that  agriculture  was  more  prominent  as  the  indus- 
try of  the  people. 

The  foregoing  examples  exhibit  a  condition  of  marked  inequality  in  the 
provision  of  ed\icational  opportunities.  Some  of  the  worst  features  of  the 
situation  are  not  at  once  apparent.  The  poorer  towns  are  constantly  losing 
their  more  ambitious  teachers,  while  those  of  less  capacity  and  training  tend 
to  remain,  thus  permanently  lowering  educational  standards. 

(c)  It  is  possible  to  administer  State  support  in  such  a  way  as  to  stimu- 
late local  effort  and  improve  the  quality  of  education.  This  proposition 
ought  to  need  little  argument.  The  experience  of  Massachusetts  in  promot- 
ing supervision  throughout  the  rural  towns  and  in  establishing  vocational 
schools  indicates  what  can  be  done.  At  present,  the  Massachusetts  School 
Fund  can  hardly  be  said  to  be  distributed  in  such  a  way  as  to  stimulate 
local  effort.  In  many  States  of  the  Union  the  development  of  adequate 
secondary  education  has  been  largely  affected  by  the  judicious  use  of  State 
aid.  It  is  possible  for  a  system  of  State  aid  to  be  so  administered  as  to 
materially  affect  the  length  of  school  year,  the  regularity  of  the  attendance 
of  pupils,  the  provision  of  facilities  for  manual  training  and  other  forms  of 
special  instruction,  the  employment  of  trained  teachers,  the  attendance  of 
teachers  on  summer  schools  and  other  agencies  for  professional  training,  the 
provision  of  school  libraries,  etc.  Hence,  to  the  extent  that  the  State  is 
interested  in  elevating  educational  standards,  it  is  able  to  do  so  by  the 
judicious  distribution  of  State  aid  of  such  a  form  as  to  carry  with  such 
aid  a  State  responsibility  for  educational  standards. 

(d)  Competent  students  of  the  schools  of  the  Commonwealth  are  satisfied 
that  the  quality  of  education  offered  in  many  of  them  is  at  present  very 
unsatisfactory.  While  this  condition  may  originate  from  other  causes  than 
lack  of  sufficient  financial  resources,  none  the  less,  where  low  salaries  are 
paid  to  teachers  it  may  be  assumed,  as  a  rule,  that  the  quality  of  instruction 
offered  will  be  inferior.  The  median  salary  of  elementary  teachers  in  Spring- 
field, for  example,  is  $750;  in  Lawrence  it  is  $650;  in  Taunton,  $600;  in 
Gloucester,  $500;  in  Amesbuiy,  $462;  in  Palmer,  $440;  in  Athol,  $418;  in 
Blackstone,  $390;  in  Grafton,  $387;  in  Dudley,  $380;  in  Templeton,  $360; 
in  Williamsburg,  $324,  and  in  Sterling,  $288. 

The  foregoing  salaries  may  almost  be  taken  as  a  significant  index  of  the 
quality  of  the  education  offered  in  these  towns  and  cities.  But  the  quality 
of  education  offered  will  vary  in  a  more  marked  degree  than  the  median 
salaries  of  the  teachers,  because  as  noted  before,  there  is  a  constant  migra- 
tion of  the  stronger  teachers  away  from  communities  in  which  low  salaries 
prevail. 

The  following  arguments  against  further  State  support  for  public  educa- 
tion in  Masvsachusetts  are  often  presented:  — 

(a)  Public  education  in  Massachusetts,  although  in  its  main  characteris- 
tics determined  by  State  legislation,  has  been  from  the  beginning  supported 


64 


almost  exclusively  by  local  taxation.  Local  support  and  local  control  have 
resulted  in  the  development  of  the  public  school  system  now  existing.  In 
many  respects,  public  education  in  Massachusetts  is  well  developed,  and 
expenditures  for  school  purposes  are  generous.  Consequently,  the  system  of 
support  which  has  produced  these  results  constitutes  a  sound  policy  for  the 
future. 

(b)  A  more  important  argument  against  further  State  taxation  for 
school  purposes  rests  on  the  fact  that  State  taxation  has  increased  very 
rapidly  in  recent  years,  and  threatens  to  become  still  heavier.  In  1910. 
the  State  expended  for  general  administration  $13,500,000,*  of  which  over 
$4,000,000  was  for  charities,  over  $1,000,000  for  education,  over  $1,000,- 
000  for  militia,  $1,200,000  for  prisons,  and  over  one-quarter  of  a  million 
for  roads.  The  State  is  increasing  its  appropriations  for  vocational  educa- 
tion and  for  the  support  of  schools  for  defectives  and  delinquents.  In  the 
near  future  the  State  may  be  asked  to  contribute  more  than  it  now  does 
towards  the  professional  training  of  teachers  who  have  already  entered 
service.  An  investigation,  is  being  conducted  this  year  into  the  matter  of 
a  teacher's  retirement  system.  It  is  obvious  that  if  Massachusetts  intends 
to  develop  a  comprehensive  scheme  for  the  retirement  of  superannuated 
teachers,  it  can  only  do  so  by  means  of  some  assistance  contributed  out  of 
State  funds.  The  shifting  of  teachers  from  community  to  community,  and 
the  poverty  of  many  communities,  probably  precludes  their  contributing 
more  than  moderate  amounts  towards  teachers'  retirement. 


65 


Appendix  G 


I 


Problems  relating  to  State  Taxation  for  School  Support. 

No  comprehensive  attempt  has  been  made  in  this  report  to  present  the 
facts  regarding  the  systems  of  taxation  found  in  other  States.  These  are 
analyzed  in  the  special  report  of  the  Census  Bureau  on  "  Wealth,  Debt  and 
Taxation."  BeloAv  are  suggested  a  few  of  the  many  problems  that  are  worthy 
of  consideration  >n  studying  the  public  revenue  system  of  Massachusetts:  — 

(a)  Many  States  in  the  Union  have  developed  sources  of  State  revenue 
other  than  a  general  property  tax.  In  Massachusetts,  this  tax  is  the  chief 
source  of  State  revenue;  other  sources  are  general  corporation  taxes,  special 
corporation  taxes,  and  inheritance  taxes. 

New  York,  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania  contribute  largely  to  the  sup- 
port of  schools  out  of  State  revenue.  The  money  for  this  purpose,  as  well 
as  for  other  forms  of  State  expenditure,  is  not  derived  from  general  property 
taxes.  The  quotations  below,  taken  from  the  United  States  Census  Eeport 
on  Wealth,  Debt  and  Taxation,  indicate  sources. 

In  New  Jersey,  "  the  State  obtains  its  revenue  from  special  taxes  on  rail 
and  canal  corporations,  the  franchise  tax  on  gross  receipts  and  capital 
stock  of  other  corporations,  the  collateral  inheritance  tax,  poll  tax  and 
leases  of  riparian  lands.  Taxes  on  real  and  personal  property  in  general 
contribute  only  to  the  expenditures  of  counties  and  municipalities.  There 
has  been  no  State  tax  levied  on  real  and  personal  property  since  1884." 

New  York  "  has  developed  a  system  of  State  taxes  which  makes  the  State 
government  partly  independent  of  the  general  property  tax.  Kesort  to  the 
general  property  tax  may  still  be  had  for  State  revenues,  but  in  1912  the 
State  ad  valorem  tax  on  general  property  was  at  the  low  rate  of  $13.01,  or 
1  mill  on  the  dollar,  and  was  levied  for  school  purposes.  The  revenue  from 
this  source  was  less  than  one  twenty-fourth  of  the  entire  revenue.  The 
largest  single  item  in  the  State  revenues  is  the  State  liquor  licenses;  next 
comes  the  series  of  usual  and  special  corporation  taxes;  then  the  inheritance 
tax,  and  thereafter  a  number  of  miscellaneous  items,  —  the  general  prop- 
erty tax,  as  used  mainly  for  county  and  municipal  purposes,  etc." 

Pennsylvania  "  places  the  burden  of  taxation  for  State  purposes  almost 
wholly  on  corporations,  leaving  the  property  of  individuals  subject  to  taxa- 
tion for  local  purposes  only.  Mortgages,  bonds  and  certain  other  classes  of 
personal  property,  however,  pay  State  taxes,  but  three  fourths  of  this  tax 
is  returned  to  the  counties  to  relieve  the  burden  of  local  taxation." 

(h)  Massachusetts  has  no  State  Board  of  Equalization,  and  it  is  often 
claimed  that  property  is  not  equally  valuated  in  the  different  towns  and 
cities.  By  some  it  is  claimed  that  city  property  is  valuated  more  highly 
than  rural  lands.  This  hardly  seems  a  question  into  which  the  present 
report  should  enter,   although  it  will  probably  be   urged  as   an   argument 


66 

against  further  contributions  from  municipalities  towards  the  expenses  of 
public  education. 

(c)  It  is  often  claimed  that  the  burden  of  taxation  is  not  adequately 
represented  by  the  ratio  that  such  taxation  bears  to  property  valuation.  It 
will  be  claimed,  for  example,  that  a  tax  of  $18  on  the  thousand  in  rural 
communities  is  in  reality  a  much  heavier  burden  than  a  light  tax  in  cities. 
The  commissioner  is  unable  to  find  any  adequate  discussion  of  this  problem. 
It  is  probable  that  psychological  elements  enter.  In  rural  communities  most 
of  the  taxes  are  in  effect  direct.  In  urban  communities,  on  the  other  hand, 
for  the  large  majority  of  the  population  taxation  is  apt  to  be  in  effect 
indirect,  being  paid  through  rent  and  the  cost  of  goods  purchased.  Here 
again  it  seems  impracticable  for  the  Board  to  take  a  position,  although  the 
problem  seems  to  have  bearing  on  the  report  under  consideration. 

{d)  It  is  also  often  asserted  that  a  given  tax  rate  is  easily  borne,  and 
should  be  more  acceptable  in  cities  than  in  country  communities,  because  of 
the  greater  return  which  comes  from  it,  particularly  for  the  average  person. 
The  proceeds  of  taxation  in  cities  not  only  makes  possible  the  support  of 
the  usual  governmental  agencies,  but  also  provide  lighting,  fire  protection, 
building  inspection,  supervision  of  markets,  and  many  other  forms  of  service 
which  in  rural  communities,  if  available  at  all,  must  be  procured  at  private 
expense.  There  is  no  doubt  that  representatives  of  rural  communities  will 
urge  that  a  tax  rate  of  $18  per  thousand  in  cities  is  more  easily  to  be 
borne  than  a  smaller  tax  rate  in  country  communities,  owing  to  the  larger 
returns  possible  from  the  former. 


67 


Appendix   H 


Methods  of  Distributing  State  Aid. 
State  taxation  for  public  schools  should  be  as  nearly  automatic  as  possible, 
and  to  this  end  many  of  the  States  have  provided  by  statute  for  a  fixed  rate 
of  school  taxation,  usually  referred  to  as  the  mill  tax.  The  real  significance 
of  such  a  system  of  taxation  is  to  be  found  chiefly  in  the  methods  employed 
in  distributing  the  proceeds  among  local  communities. 

(a)  In  some  of  the  southern  States  the  State  acts  merely  as  a  taxing  body 
and  distributes  back  to  communities  substantially  the  proceeds  of  the  levies 
made  under  State  taxation.  The  tax  in  this  case  becomes  simply  a  compul- 
sory local  tax  for  the  support  of  schools.  This  method  of  distribution  is  less 
cormnon  now  than  formerly. 

(&)  In  many  of  the  States  the  proceeds  of  State  taxation  for  school  pur- 
poses are  distributed  on  what  is  known  as  the  census  basis  (that  is,  the  num- 
ber of  children  in  the  community  as  shown  on  the  school  census),  which  in  a 
sense  is  the  simplest  expression  of  need  of  school  facilities.  Where,  as  in  a 
State  like  Massachusetts,  there  is  taken  an  annual  school  census,  this  system 
of  distribution  could  be  made  practically  automatic.  Some  of  the  objections 
urged  against  it  are  that  it  does  not  serve  as  a  stimulus  to  local  effort  in  any 
direction,  and  also,  it  takes  no  account  of  the  heavier  burdens  of  school 
support,  due  to  the  larger  number  of  separate  schools  required  in  sparsely 
peopled  Communities. 

(c)  A  more  recent  system  of  distributing  the  proceeds  of  State  taxation 
has  been  based  on  the  average  membership  in  the  schools.  This  puts  a 
premium  on  full  attendance  and  on  the  regularity  of  attendance.  In  other 
respects  it  is  open  to  the  same  criticism  as  that  made  against  the  method  of 
distribution  on  the  census  basis. 

{d)  The  State  of  Washington  and  some  others  distribute  the  proceeds 
of  State  taxation  on  a  basis  determined  by  total  attendance  made,  found  by 
multiplying  the  days  school  has  been  in  session  in  the  year  by  the  average 
membership.  It  is  evident  that  this  puts  a  premium  not  only  on  full  attend- 
ance and  on  regularity  of  attendance,  but  also  on  the  length  of  school  year. 
In  the  Washington  scheme  there  is  a  further  proviso  that  every  school  shall 
be  credited  with  at  least  a  fixed  minimum  of  attendance,  equal,  perhaps,  to 
three  thousand  days,  thus  guaranteeing  to  remote  rural  schools  a  share  in 
the  State  apportionment  which  is  to  a  degree  unaffected  by  the  smallness  of 
the  enrolment  of  such  a  school. 

(e)    Another   system   of   recent   development  is   that   found  in    Connecti- 
cut, where  each  local  community  must  previously  have  levied  a  given  mini- 
.  mum  tax  for  the  support  of  schools;   after  which  the  State's  contribution 
being  utilized  to  bring  the  level  of  support  up  to  a  fixed  amount  for  each 
child  in  average  attendance  during  the  preceding  year.    This  system  of  distri- 


68 


bution  acts  as  a  stimulus  to  the  local  community,  and  also  recognizes  that 
when  the  local  community  has  made  a  fair  contribution  towards  school  sup- 
port it  becomes  the  duty  of  the  State  to  assist  by  providing  a  sufficient 
sum  to  equalize  educational  opportunities. 

(/)  In  an  ideal  scheme  of  distributing  the  State's  money,  probably  all 
the  foregoing  and  some  other  methods  should  be  taken  into  account.  For 
example,  some  of  the  State  revenue  should  be  used  to  further  the  professional 
training  of  teachers,  after  entering  service,  since  this  is  a  responsibility  which 
local  communities  will  be  least  likely  fully  to  meet.  If  a  system  of  retire- 
ment is  made  obligatory  throughout  the  State,  the  revenues  of  the  Common- 
wealth might  be  employed  in  a  measure  to  assist  in  its  execution.  Some 
States  now  use  a  portion  of  the  State  revenue  to  encourage  the  different 
types  of  special  education  in  the  same  way  that  Massachusetts  is  using 
State  funds  to  further  industrial,  agricultural  and  household  arts  training. 
The  State  might  give  further  assistance  in  certain  cases  by  inspection.  In 
New  York,  for  example,  there  is  a  division  of  the  State  departments  empow- 
ered to  approve  plans  for  school  buildings.  This  division  in  its  operation 
has  done  much  to  promote  rural  school  architecture. 


69 


Appendix  I. 


The  IxcoiiE  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund  and  Other  Forms 
OF  State  Aid  to  Public  Schools. 
(a)  As  a  means  of  contributing  to  the  support  of  rural  education,  Massa- 
chusetts has  set  apart  a  fund  of  $5,000,000,  the  income  from  which 
(amounting  to  about  $238,000)  is  distributed  to  towns  in  accordance  with 
the  terms  given  below  (chapter  456  of  the  Acts  of  1903)  :  — 

1.  An  outright  grant  is  made  as  follows :  — 

(1)  Five  hundred  dollars  to  every  town  whose  valuation  does  not  exceed 
$500,000. 

(2)  Three  hundred  dollars  to  every  town  whose  valuation  is  between  $500,- 
000  and  $1,000,000. 

(3)  One  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  to  every  town  whose  valuation  is 
between  $1,000,000  and  $2,000,000. 

(4)  Seventy-five  dollars  to  every  town  whose  valuation  is  between  $2,000,- 
000  and  $2,500,000. 

(5)  Seventy-five  dollars  extra  to  every  town  under  $500,000  valuation 
whose  tax  is  $18  or  more  per  thousand. 

2.  The  remainder  of  the  fund  is  distributed  to  towns  whose  valuation 
does  not  exceed  $2,500,000  as  follows :  — 

(1)  To  towns  whose  school  tax  is  not  less  than  one  third  of  its  total  tax, 
a  proportion  expressed  by  one  third. 

(2)  To  towns  whose  school  tax  is  not  less  than  one  fourth  of  its  total 
tax,  a  proportion  expressed  by  one  fourth. 

(3)  To  towns  whose  school  tax  is  not  less  than  one  fifth  of  its  total  tax, 
a  proportion  expressed  by  one  fifth. 

(4)  To  towns  whose  school  tax  is  not  less  than  one  sixth  of  its  total  tax, 
a  proportion  expressed  by  one  sixth. 

In  1912  these  proportions  amounted  to  approximately:  — 

For  the  first  class,  .         .         . $1,009 

For  the  second  class, 757 

For  the  third    class,  . 605 

For  the  fourth  class, 504 

It  may  be  questioned  whether  the  above  scheme  of  distribution  is  in  all 
respects  based  on  sound  principles.  In  operation,  it  gives  to  a  few  towns 
more  money  than  they  actually  need  for  school  purposes,  while  in  other  cases 
com.munities  are  enabled  to  conduct  their  schools  on  a  smaller  outlay  from 
local  taxation  than  is  just  or  desirable.  In  a  few  respects  the  plan  of  dis- 
tribution is  good.  For  example,  additional  assistance  is  given  in  certain 
cases  where  the  local  rate  of  taxation  is  $18  or  more  per  thousand.  Again, 
recognition  is  given  to  those  towns  in  which  the  rate  of  taxation  for  school 


70 

purposes  is  large  in  proportion  to  the  rate  of  taxation  for  general  purposes. 
Another  commendable  feature  is  that  the  law  requires  that  as  a  condition  of 
sharing  in  the  income  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund  towns  shall  have 
complied  with  all  laws  relating  to  public  education,  to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
Board  of  Education. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  system  of  distribution  does  not  adequately  recog- 
nize local  need.  It  is  true  that  in  general  the  cost  per  capita  of  education 
in  a  sparsely  settled  community  will  be  greater,  than  in  a  more  thickly  settled 
one;  nevertheless  there  are  numerous  exceptions.  But  the  total  cost  of  educa- 
tion in  a  town  whose  valuation  is  less  than  $1,000,000  should  not  be  greater 
than  that  in  a  community  whose  valuation  may  be  $1,500,000.  The  plan 
now  employed  gives  largest  aid  to  towns  of  lowest  valuation  and  presum- 
ably of  smallest  population.  An  examination  of  the  totals  in  Appendix  A 
will  show  that  in  three  towns  in  receipt  of  State  aid  (Mount  Washington, 
Gosnold  and  Tolland)  the  local  rate  of  taxation  for  school  purposes  is  less 
than  $1  per  thousand  of  valuation;  in  six  others  the  local  rate  is  less  than 
$2  per  thousand  valuation;  while  in  a  large  number  of  cases  the  rate  of 
taxation  for  school  purposes  is  much  less  than  $4.25  per  thousand  of  valua- 
tion, the  average  rate  for  the  State.  A  number  of  towns,  such  as  Florida, 
Gay  Head,  Goshen,  Gosnold,  Greenwich,  Hancock,  Heath,  Holland,  Leyden, 
Mashpee,  Monroe,  Montgomery,  Mount  AVashington,  New  Ashford,  Peru, 
Plainfield,  Prescott,  Shutesbury,  Tolland,  Washington,  West  Tisbury  and 
Westhampton,  receive  more  for  the  support  of  schools  from  the  State  than 
they  contribute  from  local  taxation. 

The  method  of  distributing  the  income  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund 
should  be  modified  in  such  a  way  that,  while  local  need  is  recognized,  local 
effort  should  be  stimulated.  It  seems  not  unreasonable  that  as  a  condition 
of  sharing  in  this  income,  each  town  should  tax  itself  for  school  purposes 
to  an  extent  approximately  equal  to  the  average  taxation  for  that  purpose 
throughout  the  Commonwealth.  In  other  words,  it  might  be  made  a  first 
condition  of  sharing  in  this  form  of  State  aid  that  the  town  shall  have  ex- 
pended for  school  purposes  during  the  preceding  year  an  amount  equal  to  at 
least  $4  (or  the  State  average)  per  thousand  dollars  of  valuation.  Provision 
might  furthermore  be  made  whereby  towns  which,  in  proportion  to  local 
need,  seem  to  receive  for  school  purposes  of  State  and  local  funds  an  exces- 
sive sum,  might  well  have  their  State's  contribution  reduced,  perhaps  by 
action  of  the  Board  of  Education.  If  towns  under  $2,500,000  valuation  were 
alike  as  regards  distribution  of  population,  it  would  be  a  comparatively  easy 
matter  to  frame  a  satisfactory  method  for  the  distribution  of  the  funds, 
based  on  the  number  of  children  to  be  educated.  But  such  a  method  would 
not  give  adequate  recognition  to  the  fact  that  in  many  rural  towns  single 
room  schools  in  isolated  communities  must  be  maintained  at  large  expense 
per  unit  of  average  membership,  A  school  having  10  or  fewer  children  in 
attendance  may  cost  approximately  as  much  to  maintain  as  a  school  having 
from  30  to  40.  Consequently,  measures  must  be  adopted  to  permit  of  some 
flexibility  in  the  system  of  distributing  State  funds. 

The  most  effective  method  to  be  employed  in  distributing  the  income 
of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund  seems  to  involve  the  following  prin- 
ciples: (1)  Only  towns  having  a  valuation  of  $2,500,000  or  under  should 
share  in  the  income  of  such  fund.     (2)  No  town  should  share  in  the  income 


71 

of  such  a  fund  until  it  had  appropriated  for  school  purposes  during  the 
preceding  school  year,  out  of  the  proceeds  of  local  taxation  for  the  support 
of  schools,  not  less  than  $4  per  thousand  dollars  of  valuation  for  that  year. 
(3)  All  towns  entitled  thereto  under  the  terms  of  the  preceding  sections 
should  receive  such  an  amount  as,  added  to  the  proceeds  of  local  taxation, 
amounting  to  $4  per  thousand,  would  produce  an  amount  equal  to  the  product 
obtained  by  multiplying  the  number  of  children  in  average  membership  for 
the  preceding  year  by  the  average  expenditures  throughout  the  Common- 
wealth, derived  from  local  taxation,  per  unit  of  average  membership,  with 
the  further  provision  that  in  each  case  the  total  amount  thus  made  avail- 
able should  be  equal  to  at  least  $250  for  each  separate  school  maintained 
with  the  approval  of  the  Board  of  Education.  (4)  The  remainder  of  the 
income  of  the  Massachusetts  School  Fund  might  be  distributed  among 
towns  entitled  thereto  under  the  provisions  of  sections  1  and  2,  in  propor- 
tion to  average  membership  in  actual  attendance  for  the  preceding  year. 

Some  inequalities  would  undoubtedly  remain  after  the  foregoing  pro- 
visions had  been  complied  with.  In  several  States  a  sum  of  money  is  set 
apart  to  be  distributed  by  the  State  authorities  to  meet  cases  of  actual 
necessity,  arising  either  from  a  low  local  valuation  or  through  other  exi- 
gency which  no  uniform  plan  can  meet.  Formerly,  the  Board  of  Education 
was  authorized  to  distribute  out  of  this  income  an  amount  not  exceeding 
$2  per  week,  to  be  added  to  the  salaries  of  certain  approved  teachers.  It  may 
be  that  a  revival  of  this  practice  would  improve  local  school  conditions. 

(&)  State  Aid  for  High  School  Education.  (Sections  ^  and  3  (as  amended) , 
chapter  42,  'Revised  Laws,  and  chapter  427,  Acts  of  1908.)  — The  law  com- 
pels communities  having  500  or  more  families  to  maintain  high  schools. 
Communities  having  fewer  than  500  families  may  maintain  high  schools 
and  receive  from  the  State  as  assistance  the  sum  of  $500  annually.  It 
is  provided,  however,  that  this  $500  grant  shall  not  be  made  if  the  town 
valuation  averages  larger  for  each  pupil  in  average  membership  than  the 
corresponding  average  for  the  Commonwealth. 

The  State  also  assists  towns  having  fewer  than  500  families  by  paying 
the  whole  or  part  of  the  tuition  of  pupils  who  are  sent  away  to  high 
schools  of  other  towns.  The  town  pays  the  tuition  and  the  State  reimburses 
the  town.  A  town  whose  valuation  is  less  than  $1,000,000  receives  all  of  its 
tuition,  and  a  town  having  a  valuation  of  more  than  $1,000,000  receives 
half  of  the  tuition.  Both  of  these  methods  of  assisting  small  communities 
seem  to  operate  with  good  results. 

(c)  Contributions  towards  the  Salaries  of  Superintendents.  (Sections  40- 
48,  chapter  42,  'Revised  Laws.) — In  order  to  promote  the  development  of 
supervision,  the  State  provides  that  towns  shall  form  unions  for  the  purpose 
of  employing  a  superirttendent.  Each  union  thus  formed  is  entitled  to  a 
grant  from  the  State  of  $1,250,  of  which  $750  is  intended  to  be  used  towards 
superintendent's  salary,  and  $500  to  assist  in  paying  the  salaries  of  teachers. 
The  minimum  salary  for  the  superintendent  is  set  at  $1,500,  and  each  town 
contributes  in  proportion  to  the  amount  of  service  given  to  the  town.  The 
State's  contribution  is  distributed  among  the  towns  in  the  same  proportion. 

The  special  form  of  State  assistance,  being  accompanied  by  State  super- 
vision (through  certification)  of  the  superintendents  employed,  is  effective. 
No  change  is  suggested  at  the  present  time. 


72 


Appendix  J. 


Statistics  relative  to  the  Payment  of  Transportation  Expenses 
OF  Pupils,  as  called  for  by  Chapter  39,  Resolves  of  1912. 
In  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  resolve  referred  to  above,  there 
is  submitted  below  statistics  showing  estimated  amounts  required  for  the 
payment  of  the  transportation  expenses  of  high  school  pupils  attending 
high  schools  in  towns  and  cities  other  than  those  of  their  residence,  under  the 
provisions  of  section  3  (as  amended)  of  chapter  42  of  the  Revised  Laws. 
The  index  figures  after  the  amounts  in  the  last  column  show  the  amounts 
that  in  certain  cases  would  be  reimbursed  in  whole  or  in  part  in  the  event 
that  legislation  were  enacted  according  to  the  principles  set  forth  in  the 
proposed  act  given  below. 

Table  showing  estimated  Cost  to  the  State  for  Transportation  Ex- 
penses OF  Children  attending  High  Schools  in  Towns  or  Cities 
Other  than  those  in  which  they  reside  (for  1910). 


Estimated 

Estimated 

amount 

Town. 

cost  per 

Number 

of  State  re- 

pupil per 

of  pupils. 

imbursement 

week. 

for  40-week 
year. 

Acushnet, 

$0  50 

15 

?3C0  00 « 

Alford, 

1  50 

1 

60  00 

Becket, 

50 

17 

340  00' 

Bedford, 

25 

25 

125  00 

Bellingham,        ........ 

50 

33 

660  00 « 

Berkley 

25 

13 

130  00 » 

Berlin, 

25 

26 

260  00 » 

Blandford 

1  50 

9 

540  00 

Boxborough 

50 

13 

260  00 

Bo5d3fx)n, 

50 

13 

260  00 > 

Buckland, 

50 

4 

80  00' 

Burlington, 

25 

11 

110  00 

Carlisle 

1  50 

7 

460  00 

Cheshire, 

50 

32 

640  00 » 

Clarksburg, 

50 

9 

ISO  00 » 

Colrain, 

50 

29 

580  00 « 

Cummington, 

1  50 

19 

1,140  00 » 

Dana, 

1  50 

12 

720  00' 

Dunstable, 

1  50 

3 

180  00« 

Eastham, 

1  50 

11 

680  00 

East  Longmeadow, 

25 

33 

330  00 « 

Egremont 

100     ' 

9 

300  00 

Enfield, 

1  50 

21 

1,260  00* 

Erving 

1  50 

12 

720  00* 

Florida, 

I  50 

3 

180  00 « 

Freetown, 

50 

15 

300  00 1 

Gill, 

.1  50 

2 

120  00 » 

Goshen, 

1  50 

5 

300  00 

Granville 

1  50 

7 

460  00 « 

Greenwich, 

1  50 

15 

900  00 

•  Tax  rate  for  school  purposes,  $5  or  more  per  thousand  dollars  of  valuation. 
»  Tax  rate  for  school  purposes,  over  $4  and  less  than  S5  per  thousand  of  valuation.     (See  Ap- 
pendix A.) 


73 


Table  showing  estimated  Cost  to  the  State  for  Transportation  Ex- 
penses, ETC.  —  Concluded. 


Estimated 

• 

Estimated 

amount 

Town. 

cost  per 

Number 

of  State  re- 

pupil per 

of  pupils. 

imbursement 

week. 

for  40-week 
year. 

Hampden, 

$0  25 

20 

$200  00 » 

Hancock 

1  50 

I 

60  00 

Hawley 

1  60 

1 

60  00 

Heath 

1  50 

2 

120  00 » 

Hinsdale 

50 

5 

100  00 1 

Hinsdale 

25 

9 

90  00 

Hubbardston 

1  50 

7 

420  00  • 

Lakeville 

25 

17 

170  00 « 

Lakeville 

50 

3 

60  00 

Lanesborough 

50 

22 

440  001 

Leverett, 

1  50 

4 

240  00 > 

Lynnfield, 

25 

22 

220  00 

Mashpee 

1  50 

2 

120  00 

Middlefield 

1  50 

4 

240  00 ' 

Middleton, 

50 

24 

480  00 » 

Monroe, 

1  50 

7 

420  00 

Monterey, 

1  50 

9 

540  00 « 

Montgomery, 

1  50 

1 

60  00 

New  Braintree 

1  50 

12 

720  00 

Newbury, 

25 

13 

65  00* 

Norfolk 

50 

8 

160  00  > 

North  Reading 

25 

42 

420  00 » 

Oakham, ^      . 

1  50 

17. 

1,020  00 

Otis ■      .         .         . 

1  50 

2 

120  00' 

Paxton, 

1  50 

6 

360  00 

Pelhara 

50 

7 

140  00 

Peru,  

1  50 

6 

360  00 « 

Phillipston 

1  50 

4 

240  00 « 

Plainfield 

1  50 

8 

480  00 « 

Plympton, 

50 

5 

100  00 

Prescott 

1  50 

5 

300  00' 

Princeton, 

1  50 

1 

60  00 » 

Ravnham,           ........ 

50 

17 

340  00' 

Rehoboth, 

1  50 

14 

840  00 > 

Richmond, 

1  50 

9 

540  00* 

Rochester, 

1  50 

14 

840  00 

Rowe 

1  50 

6 

360  00 

Rowley 

1  50 

31 

1.860  00 « 

Royalston, 

1  50 

12 

720  00 » 

Russell, 

50 

11 

220  00' 

Salisbury, 

25 

16 

160  00 ' 

Savoy,         

1  50 

5 

300  00 1 

Southampton 

50 

18 

360  00 « 

South  wick 

50 

15 

300  00 

Sturbridge, 

50 

5 

100  00 

Sunderland.        .                  

50 

19 

380  00 ' 

Tewksbury 

25 

36 

360  00 « 

Truro 

1  50 

1 

60  00 « 

Tyngsboro 

25 

15 

150  00 ' 

Tyringham, 

1  50 

3 

180  CO 

Warwick 

1  50 

9 

540  no » 

Washin<4ton 

1  50 

2 

120  00 

Wendell, 

1  50 

5 

300  00' 

West  Brookfield,         . 

25 

30 

300  00' 

Westhampton, 

1  50 

5 

300  00 

Westminster 

50 

3 

60  00' 

West  Stockbridjre, 

1  50 

11 

660  CO ' 

Whatelv, 

50 

5 

100  00« 

Wilbraham 

50 

14 

140  00' 

Williamsburg, 

50 

7 

140  00' 

Windsor, 

1  50 

4 

240  00' 

Worthington, 

1  50 

7 

420  00 » 

Totals  (90  towns) 

- 

1,069 

832,590  00 

1  Tax  rate  for  school  purposes,  $5  or  more  per  thousand  dollars  of  valuation. 
2, Tax  rate  for  school  purposes,  over  $4  and  less  than  $5  per  thousand  of  valuation.    (See  Ap- 
pendix A.) 


74 


In  connection  with  the  above  table,  of  the   173   towns  under  500  families 

(according  to  the  United  States  census  of  1910)  — 
46  towns  receive  the  $500  grant  for  high  school. 
24  towns  have  a  valuation  per  pupil  in  excess  of  the  State  average,  and 

are  not,   therefore,  entitled  to  reimbursement. 
13  towns   did   not  avail  themselves  of  the  benefits  of  the   law,  having  in 

many  cases  academies  in  town  or  high  schools. 
90  towns  receive    reimbursement    of    high   school   tuition    expenditures    and 

should  pay  transportation  expenditures. 


Proposed  Act. 
An  Act  providing  for  the  Payment  by  Towns  for  the  Transporta- 
tion OF  Pupils  to  Outside  High  Schools. 

Be  it  enacted,  etc.,  as  follows: 

Section  three  of  chapter  forty-two  of  the  Eevised  Laws,  as  amended  by 
chapter  four  hundred  and  thirty-three  of  the  acts  of  nineteen  hundred  and 
two  and  chapter  five  hundred  and  thirty-seven  of  the  acts  of  nineteen  hun- 
dred and  eleven,  is  further  amended  by  the  addition  of  the  following  para- 
graph: A  town  of  less  than  five  hundred  families  or  householders,  in  which 
a  public  high  school  or  public  school  of  corresponding  grade  is  not  main- 
tained, shall  through  its  school  committee,  when  necessary,  provide  for  the 
transportation  of  any  child  who  resides  in  said  town  and  who,  with  the  pre- 
vious approval  of  the  school  committee  of  his  town,  attends  the  high  school 
of  any  other  town  or  city,  and  shall  pay  for  the  expense  of  said  transporta- 
tion a  sum  not  exceeding  one  dollar  and  fifty  cents  per  week  during  the  time 
of  actual  attendance  of  such  child  in  the  high  school.  If  any  town  fails  to 
provide  such  transportation,  it  shall  be  liable  in  an  action  of  contract, 
to  the  parent  or  guardian  of  a  child  who  has  been  furnished  with  such 
transportation  for  such  amounts  as  the  parent  or  guardian  has  paid  for  the 
same.  A  town  which  has  expended  for  the  support  of  its  public  schools  for 
the  preceding  year  from  the  proceeds  of  local  taxation  an  amount  not  less 
than  four  and  less  than  five  dollars  per  thousand  dollars  of  valuation  shall 
receive  from  the  treasury  of  the  commonwealth  one  half  of  the  amount 
actually  expended  for  transportation  under  the  provisions  of  this  act;  and 
a  town  which  has  expended  from  the  proceeds  of  local  taxation  for  the 
support  of  its  public  schools  for  the  preceding  year  an  amount  equal  to  at 
least  five  dollars  per  thousand  of  valuation  shall  receive  from  the  treasury 
of  the  commonwealth  the  entire  amount  actually  paid  for  transportation 
under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 


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..  ,,,.,  .i-v.w 

1 

LD21-100m-7,'40  (6936s) 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CAIylFORNTA  IvIBRARY 


